From f51cda4a936c5aafff9a2bc9b611885311c66a41 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Orual <orual@nonbinary.computer>
Date: Sat, 20 Dec 2025 22:16:22 -0500
Subject: [PATCH] editor bugfixes, RTL text support

---
 Cargo.lock                                    |   1 +
 .../weaver-app/assets/styling/cards-base.css  |   6 +-
 crates/weaver-app/assets/styling/editor.css   |  64 +++-
 .../assets/styling/entry-actions.css          |   2 +-
 .../weaver-app/assets/styling/entry-card.css  |  24 +-
 crates/weaver-app/assets/styling/entry.css    |  16 +-
 crates/weaver-app/assets/styling/home.css     |   6 +-
 crates/weaver-app/assets/styling/invites.css  |   2 +-
 crates/weaver-app/assets/styling/navbar.css   |   8 +-
 .../assets/styling/notebook-card.css          |  24 +-
 .../assets/styling/notebook-cover.css         |   4 +-
 .../assets/styling/profile-actions.css        |   4 +-
 crates/weaver-app/assets/styling/profile.css  |   8 +-
 .../weaver-app/assets/styling/record-view.css |  88 ++---
 .../src/components/editor/beforeinput.rs      |  57 ++-
 .../src/components/editor/dom_sync.rs         |  15 +-
 .../weaver-app/src/components/editor/mod.rs   |   9 +
 .../src/components/editor/publish.rs          |   2 +
 .../src/components/editor/render.rs           |  11 +
 ...components__editor__tests__blockquote.snap |  36 +-
 ..._app__components__editor__tests__bold.snap |  14 +-
 ...omponents__editor__tests__bold_italic.snap |  18 +-
 ...nts__editor__tests__code_block_fenced.snap |   4 +-
 ...ts__editor__tests__gap_between_blocks.snap |  34 +-
 ...components__editor__tests__hard_break.snap |  12 +-
 ...components__editor__tests__heading_h1.snap |   8 +-
 ...onents__editor__tests__heading_levels.snap | 112 ++++--
 ...omponents__editor__tests__inline_code.snap |  10 +-
 ...pp__components__editor__tests__italic.snap |  14 +-
 ...s__editor__tests__mixed_unicode_ascii.snap |   6 +-
 ...__editor__tests__multiple_blank_lines.snap |  32 +-
 ...ditor__tests__multiple_inline_formats.snap |  22 +-
 ...omponents__editor__tests__nested_list.snap |  78 +++-
 ...mponents__editor__tests__ordered_list.snap |  18 +-
 ...ents__editor__tests__single_paragraph.snap |   6 +-
 ...ents__editor__tests__three_paragraphs.snap |  62 +--
 ...ditor__tests__trailing_double_newline.snap |   8 +-
 ...ditor__tests__trailing_single_newline.snap |   8 +-
 ...onents__editor__tests__two_paragraphs.snap |  32 +-
 ...omponents__editor__tests__unicode_cjk.snap |   6 +-
 ...ponents__editor__tests__unicode_emoji.snap |   6 +-
 ...onents__editor__tests__unordered_list.snap |  18 +-
 .../weaver-app/src/components/editor/tests.rs |  65 +++-
 .../src/components/editor/writer.rs           | 353 ++++++++----------
 .../src/components/editor/writer/tags.rs      | 189 ++++++----
 crates/weaver-app/src/lib.rs                  |   1 -
 crates/weaver-app/src/main.rs                 |   5 +-
 crates/weaver-common/src/agent.rs             |   8 +-
 .../src/clickhouse/queries/edit.rs            |  21 +-
 crates/weaver-renderer/Cargo.toml             |   1 +
 ..._atproto__tests__blockquote_rendering.snap |   4 +-
 ...tproto__tests__footnote_in_blockquote.snap |   4 +-
 ...er__atproto__tests__footnote_multiple.snap |   6 +-
 ...derer__atproto__tests__footnote_named.snap |   2 +-
 ...roto__tests__footnote_sidenote_inline.snap |   2 +-
 ..._atproto__tests__footnote_traditional.snap |   2 +-
 ...ests__footnote_with_inline_formatting.snap |   2 +-
 ...derer__atproto__tests__math_rendering.snap |   4 +-
 ...__atproto__tests__paragraph_rendering.snap |   4 +-
 ...roto__tests__weaver_block_aside_class.snap |   2 +-
 ...tests__weaver_block_before_blockquote.snap |   2 +-
 ...o__tests__weaver_block_before_heading.snap |   2 +-
 ...tests__weaver_block_custom_attributes.snap |   2 +-
 ...oto__tests__weaver_block_custom_class.snap |   2 +-
 ..._tests__weaver_block_multiple_classes.snap |   2 +-
 ...__weaver_block_no_effect_on_following.snap |   4 +-
 ...to__tests__weaver_block_with_footnote.snap |   2 +-
 crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/writer.rs  |  37 +-
 crates/weaver-renderer/src/base_html.rs       |  31 +-
 crates/weaver-renderer/src/css.rs             |  84 ++---
 ...tic_site__tests__blockquote_rendering.snap |   4 +-
 ...c_site__tests__footnote_in_blockquote.snap |   4 +-
 ...static_site__tests__footnote_multiple.snap |   6 +-
 ...r__static_site__tests__footnote_named.snap |   2 +-
 ...site__tests__footnote_sidenote_inline.snap |   2 +-
 ...tic_site__tests__footnote_traditional.snap |   2 +-
 ...ests__footnote_with_inline_formatting.snap |   2 +-
 ...r__static_site__tests__math_rendering.snap |   6 +-
 ...atic_site__tests__paragraph_rendering.snap |   4 +-
 ...site__tests__weaver_block_aside_class.snap |   2 +-
 ...tests__weaver_block_before_blockquote.snap |   2 +-
 ...e__tests__weaver_block_before_heading.snap |   2 +-
 ...tests__weaver_block_custom_attributes.snap |   2 +-
 ...ite__tests__weaver_block_custom_class.snap |   2 +-
 ..._tests__weaver_block_multiple_classes.snap |   2 +-
 ...__weaver_block_no_effect_on_following.snap |   4 +-
 ...te__tests__weaver_block_with_footnote.snap |   2 +-
 .../weaver-renderer/src/static_site/writer.rs |  36 +-
 crates/weaver-renderer/src/utils.rs           |  51 ++-
 weaver_notes/test-sidenotes.md                |   1 -
 90 files changed, 1165 insertions(+), 731 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Cargo.lock b/Cargo.lock
index e3941f1..f420a61 100644
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
@@ -11846,6 +11846,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "tokio",
  "tokio-util",
  "tracing",
+ "unicode-bidi",
  "unicode-normalization",
  "url",
  "weaver-api",
diff --git a/crates/weaver-app/assets/styling/cards-base.css b/crates/weaver-app/assets/styling/cards-base.css
index 80aa50a..4c2fbee 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-app/assets/styling/cards-base.css
+++ b/crates/weaver-app/assets/styling/cards-base.css
@@ -95,8 +95,8 @@
     font-size: 0.875rem;
     font-weight: 600;
     margin-top: 0;
-    margin-left: 0;
-    margin-right: 0;
+    margin-inline-start: 0;
+    margin-inline-end: 0;
 }
 
 .card-preview p {
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@
    ========================================================================== */
 
 .card-hover-border:hover {
-    border-left-color: var(--color-secondary);
+    border-inline-start-color: var(--color-secondary);
 }
 
 .card-hover-title:hover .card-title {
diff --git a/crates/weaver-app/assets/styling/editor.css b/crates/weaver-app/assets/styling/editor.css
index 3388629..b1c6ed8 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-app/assets/styling/editor.css
+++ b/crates/weaver-app/assets/styling/editor.css
@@ -159,6 +159,8 @@
     background: var(--color-base);
     border: 1px solid var(--color-overlay);
     color: var(--color-text);
+    /* break-spaces ensures trailing whitespace takes up space and allows cursor placement */
+    white-space-collapse: break-spaces;
 }
 
 .editor-content:focus {
@@ -201,7 +203,7 @@
 
 .editor-debug {
     padding: 8px;
-    padding-right: 0;
+    padding-inline-end: 0;
     background: var(--color-base);
     font-family: var(--font-mono);
     font-size: 12px;
@@ -296,7 +298,7 @@ li:has(.md-syntax-block:not(.hidden)) {
 
 /* Editor page header with report button */
 .editor-header {
-    padding-left: 6rem;
+    padding-inline-start: 6rem;
     background: var(--color-base);
 }
 
@@ -323,9 +325,8 @@ li:has(.md-syntax-block:not(.hidden)) {
 
 .report-dialog-overlay {
     position: fixed;
+    inset-inline: 0;
     top: 0;
-    left: 0;
-    right: 0;
     bottom: 0;
     background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6);
     display: flex;
@@ -440,7 +441,7 @@ li:has(.md-syntax-block:not(.hidden)) {
     display: flex;
     align-items: center;
     gap: 12px;
-    margin-left: auto;
+    margin-inline-start: auto;
     flex-shrink: 0;
 }
 
@@ -466,9 +467,8 @@ li:has(.md-syntax-block:not(.hidden)) {
 
 .publish-dialog-overlay {
     position: fixed;
+    inset-inline: 0;
     top: 0;
-    left: 0;
-    right: 0;
     bottom: 0;
     background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6);
     display: flex;
@@ -795,7 +795,7 @@ li:has(.md-syntax-block:not(.hidden)) {
     font-weight: 500;
     font-family: var(--font-mono);
     text-transform: uppercase;
-    margin-left: -6px;
+    margin-inline-start: -6px;
     position: relative;
     overflow: hidden;
 }
@@ -808,7 +808,7 @@ li:has(.md-syntax-block:not(.hidden)) {
 }
 
 .collab-avatar:first-child {
-    margin-left: 0;
+    margin-inline-start: 0;
 }
 
 .collab-avatar.collab-overflow {
@@ -832,9 +832,8 @@ li:has(.md-syntax-block:not(.hidden)) {
 /* Collaborators panel overlay */
 .collaborators-overlay {
     position: fixed;
+    inset-inline: 0;
     top: 0;
-    left: 0;
-    right: 0;
     bottom: 0;
     background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);
     display: flex;
@@ -953,9 +952,8 @@ li:has(.md-syntax-block:not(.hidden)) {
 
 .invite-dialog-overlay {
     position: fixed;
+    inset-inline: 0;
     top: 0;
-    left: 0;
-    right: 0;
     bottom: 0;
     background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);
     display: flex;
@@ -1123,7 +1121,7 @@ li:has(.md-syntax-block:not(.hidden)) {
     margin: 6px 0 0 0;
     padding: 8px;
     background: var(--color-overlay);
-    border-left: 2px solid var(--color-border);
+    border-inline-start: 2px solid var(--color-border);
 }
 
 .invite-actions,
@@ -1174,9 +1172,8 @@ li:has(.md-syntax-block:not(.hidden)) {
 
 .remote-cursors-overlay {
     position: absolute;
+    inset-inline: 0;
     top: 0;
-    left: 0;
-    right: 0;
     bottom: 0;
     pointer-events: none;
     z-index: 10;
@@ -1226,3 +1223,38 @@ li:has(.md-syntax-block:not(.hidden)) {
         opacity: 0.5;
     }
 }
+
+/* ==========================================================================
+   Footnotes (Editor Mode) - styled but visible, no reordering
+   ========================================================================== */
+
+/* Inline footnote reference [^name] */
+.footnote-ref {
+    font-family: var(--font-mono);
+    font-size: 0.9rem;
+    color: var(--color-subtle);
+    background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--color-surface) 10%, transparent);
+    padding: 0 2px;
+}
+
+/* Footnote definition wrapper - stays in place, no reordering */
+.footnote-def-editor {
+    margin-bottom: 1rem;
+    margin-top: -1rem;
+    margin-inline-start: 2rem;
+    padding: 0 0.5rem;
+    border-inline-start: 2px solid var(--color-border);
+}
+
+/* The [^name]: prefix in definitions */
+.footnote-def-syntax {
+    font-family: var(--font-mono);
+    font-size: 0.9rem;
+    color: var(--color-subtle);
+}
+
+/* Inner paragraphs in footnote defs */
+.footnote-def-editor p {
+    margin: 0;
+    display: inline;
+}
diff --git a/crates/weaver-app/assets/styling/entry-actions.css b/crates/weaver-app/assets/styling/entry-actions.css
index c9d4965..ac5ad76 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-app/assets/styling/entry-actions.css
+++ b/crates/weaver-app/assets/styling/entry-actions.css
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@
     display: block;
     width: 100%;
     padding: 0.5rem 0.75rem;
-    text-align: left;
+    text-align: start;
     background: none;
     border: none;
     cursor: pointer;
diff --git a/crates/weaver-app/assets/styling/entry-card.css b/crates/weaver-app/assets/styling/entry-card.css
index d3314d6..95e8b15 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-app/assets/styling/entry-card.css
+++ b/crates/weaver-app/assets/styling/entry-card.css
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
     display: block;
     background: var(--color-surface);
     box-shadow: 0 1px 2px color-mix(in srgb, var(--color-text) 6%, transparent);
-    border-left: 2px solid transparent;
+    border-inline-start: 2px solid transparent;
     padding: 1.25rem;
     text-decoration: none;
     color: var(--color-text);
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 .entry-card-link:hover {
     box-shadow: 0 2px 4px color-mix(in srgb, var(--color-text) 10%, transparent);
-    border-left-color: var(--color-secondary);
+    border-inline-start-color: var(--color-secondary);
 }
 
 .entry-card-link:hover .entry-card-title {
@@ -83,8 +83,8 @@
 }
 
 .feed-entry-card:hover {
-    border-left: 2px solid var(--color-secondary);
-    margin-left: -1px;
+    border-inline-start: 2px solid var(--color-secondary);
+    margin-inline-start: -1px;
 }
 
 .feed-entry-card:hover .entry-card-title {
@@ -103,12 +103,12 @@
 }
 
 .feed-entry-card .entry-card-byline .entry-card-date {
-    margin-left: auto;
+    margin-inline-start: auto;
 }
 
 /* Date in header (no author) aligns right */
 .feed-entry-card .entry-card-header .entry-card-date {
-    margin-left: auto;
+    margin-inline-start: auto;
 }
 
 .entry-card-stats {
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@
 
 .entry-card-stats .word-count::after {
     content: "·";
-    margin-left: 0.5rem;
+    margin-inline-start: 0.5rem;
 }
 
 .entry-card-tags {
@@ -178,8 +178,8 @@
     font-size: 0.875rem;
     font-weight: 600;
     margin-top: 0.5rem;
-    margin-left: 0;
-    margin-right: 0;
+    margin-inline-start: 0;
+    margin-inline-end: 0;
 }
 
 .entry-card-preview p {
@@ -201,10 +201,10 @@
     .feed-entry-card {
         box-shadow: none;
         border-top: 1px solid var(--color-border);
-        border-right: 1px solid var(--color-border);
+        border-inline-end: 1px solid var(--color-border);
         border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-border);
 
-        border-left: 1px solid var(--color-border);
-        /* Keep border-left as accent */
+        border-inline-start: 1px solid var(--color-border);
+        /* Keep border-inline-start as accent */
     }
 }
diff --git a/crates/weaver-app/assets/styling/entry.css b/crates/weaver-app/assets/styling/entry.css
index 82600e1..f7388ac 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-app/assets/styling/entry.css
+++ b/crates/weaver-app/assets/styling/entry.css
@@ -104,13 +104,13 @@
 
 .entry-footer-nav .nav-button-prev {
     align-items: flex-start;
-    text-align: left;
+    text-align: start;
 }
 
 .entry-footer-nav .nav-button-next {
     align-items: flex-end;
-    text-align: right;
-    margin-left: auto;
+    text-align: end;
+    margin-inline-start: auto;
 }
 
 .entry-footer-nav .nav-arrow {
@@ -176,17 +176,17 @@
 
 .entry-reading-stats {
     color: var(--color-subtle);
-    margin-left: auto;
+    margin-inline-start: auto;
     margin-top: 0.25rem;
 }
 
 .entry-reading-stats .word-count::after {
     content: "·";
-    margin-left: 0.5rem;
+    margin-inline-start: 0.5rem;
 }
 
 .entry-date {
-    margin-left: auto;
+    margin-inline-start: auto;
     font-weight: 400;
     align-items: last baseline;
     color: var(--color-subtle);
@@ -255,7 +255,7 @@
 }
 
 .entry-content-main blockquote {
-    border-left-color: var(--color-secondary);
+    border-inline-start-color: var(--color-secondary);
     background: var(--color-surface);
 }
 
@@ -292,7 +292,7 @@
 
     .entry-header .nav-button-next {
         order: 1;
-        margin-left: auto;
+        margin-inline-start: auto;
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/crates/weaver-app/assets/styling/home.css b/crates/weaver-app/assets/styling/home.css
index faa5841..e9da87d 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-app/assets/styling/home.css
+++ b/crates/weaver-app/assets/styling/home.css
@@ -25,12 +25,12 @@
 .pinned-items .entry-card,
 .pinned-items .feed-entry-card,
 .pinned-items .notebook-card {
-    border-left: 3px solid var(--color-primary) !important;
+    border-inline-start: 3px solid var(--color-primary) !important;
 }
 
 .pinned-items .feed-entry-card:hover {
-    border-left: 3px solid var(--color-secondary) !important;
-    margin-left: 0;
+    border-inline-start: 3px solid var(--color-secondary) !important;
+    margin-inline-start: 0;
 }
 
 .feed-section {
diff --git a/crates/weaver-app/assets/styling/invites.css b/crates/weaver-app/assets/styling/invites.css
index 2bac89d..32ae5ef 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-app/assets/styling/invites.css
+++ b/crates/weaver-app/assets/styling/invites.css
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@
     margin: 0.5rem 0 0 0;
     padding: 0.5rem;
     background: var(--color-background);
-    border-left: 3px solid var(--color-primary);
+    border-inline-start: 3px solid var(--color-primary);
     font-style: italic;
 }
 
diff --git a/crates/weaver-app/assets/styling/navbar.css b/crates/weaver-app/assets/styling/navbar.css
index 5f1503e..b3e5894 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-app/assets/styling/navbar.css
+++ b/crates/weaver-app/assets/styling/navbar.css
@@ -2,9 +2,9 @@
     display: flex;
     flex-direction: row;
     justify-content: space-between;
-    padding-left: 1rem;
+    padding-inline-start: 1rem;
     padding-top: 1rem;
-    padding-right: 1rem;
+    padding-inline-end: 1rem;
 }
 
 .breadcrumbs {
@@ -48,8 +48,8 @@
     display: flex;
     align-items: center;
     gap: 1rem;
-    margin-left: auto;
-    margin-right: 1rem;
+    margin-inline-start: auto;
+    margin-inline-end: 1rem;
 }
 
 .nav-tool-link {
diff --git a/crates/weaver-app/assets/styling/notebook-card.css b/crates/weaver-app/assets/styling/notebook-card.css
index 9d5a268..0bea03e 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-app/assets/styling/notebook-card.css
+++ b/crates/weaver-app/assets/styling/notebook-card.css
@@ -19,14 +19,14 @@
     display: block;
     text-decoration: none;
     color: var(--color-text);
-    border-left: 3px solid transparent;
-    padding-left: 0.75rem;
-    margin-left: -0.75rem;
+    border-inline-start: 3px solid transparent;
+    padding-inline-start: 0.75rem;
+    margin-inline-start: -0.75rem;
     transition: border-color 0.2s ease;
 }
 
 .notebook-card-header-link:hover {
-    border-left-color: var(--color-primary);
+    border-inline-start-color: var(--color-primary);
 }
 
 .notebook-card-header-link:hover .notebook-card-title {
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@
 .notebook-card-date {
     color: var(--color-muted);
     font-size: 0.85rem;
-    margin-left: 0.25rem;
+    margin-inline-start: 0.25rem;
 }
 
 .notebook-card-authors {
@@ -157,12 +157,12 @@
     display: block;
     text-decoration: none;
     color: var(--color-text);
-    border-left: 2px solid transparent;
+    border-inline-start: 2px solid transparent;
     border-top: 1px solid var(--color-border);
-    padding-left: 0.625rem; /* 0.5 grid */
+    padding-inline-start: 0.625rem; /* 0.5 grid */
     padding-top: 1.25rem;
-    margin-left: -0.625rem;
-    transition: border-left-color 0.2s ease;
+    margin-inline-start: -0.625rem;
+    transition: border-inline-start-color 0.2s ease;
 }
 
 .notebook-entry-preview-link:first-child {
@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@
 }
 
 .notebook-entry-preview-link:hover {
-    border-left-color: var(--color-secondary);
+    border-inline-start-color: var(--color-secondary);
 }
 
 .notebook-entry-preview-link:hover .entry-preview-title {
@@ -255,8 +255,8 @@
     font-size: 0.875rem;
     font-weight: 600;
     margin-top: 0;
-    margin-left: 0;
-    margin-right: 0;
+    margin-inline-start: 0;
+    margin-inline-end: 0;
 }
 
 .entry-preview-content code {
diff --git a/crates/weaver-app/assets/styling/notebook-cover.css b/crates/weaver-app/assets/styling/notebook-cover.css
index 192d5d4..2debdd3 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-app/assets/styling/notebook-cover.css
+++ b/crates/weaver-app/assets/styling/notebook-cover.css
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 @media (min-width: 1400px) {
     .notebook-cover {
         border-top: 1px solid var(--color-border);
-        border-right: 1px solid var(--color-border);
+        border-inline-end: 1px solid var(--color-border);
         border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-border);
         padding: 1.25rem;
     }
@@ -105,6 +105,6 @@
 
 .notebook-cover-actions .button {
     width: 100%;
-    text-align: left;
+    text-align: start;
     border-radius: 0;
 }
diff --git a/crates/weaver-app/assets/styling/profile-actions.css b/crates/weaver-app/assets/styling/profile-actions.css
index 4e8799a..ed8c1d7 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-app/assets/styling/profile-actions.css
+++ b/crates/weaver-app/assets/styling/profile-actions.css
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 
 .profile-actions-container {
     padding-top: 2.25rem;
-    padding-right: 5rem;
+    padding-inline-end: 5rem;
 }
 
 .profile-actions-title {
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
 /* Match notebook-add-entry styling */
 .profile-actions-list .button {
     width: 100%;
-    text-align: left;
+    text-align: start;
     font-size: 0.85rem;
     color: var(--color-primary);
     background: transparent;
diff --git a/crates/weaver-app/assets/styling/profile.css b/crates/weaver-app/assets/styling/profile.css
index fb5f045..5b44c2c 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-app/assets/styling/profile.css
+++ b/crates/weaver-app/assets/styling/profile.css
@@ -153,8 +153,8 @@
     }
 
     .profile-extras {
-        padding-left: 1rem;
-        border-left: 1.5px dashed var(--color-border);
+        padding-inline-start: 1rem;
+        border-inline-start: 1.5px dashed var(--color-border);
     }
 
     .profile-block {
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@
     }
 
     .profile-name-section {
-        margin-left: 1rem;
+        margin-inline-start: 1rem;
         margin-top: -0.5rem;
     }
 }
@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@
 @media (min-width: 1400px) {
     .profile-display {
         border-top: 1.5px solid var(--color-border);
-        border-right: 1.5px solid var(--color-border);
+        border-inline-end: 1.5px solid var(--color-border);
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/crates/weaver-app/assets/styling/record-view.css b/crates/weaver-app/assets/styling/record-view.css
index 74c362e..f0049d9 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-app/assets/styling/record-view.css
+++ b/crates/weaver-app/assets/styling/record-view.css
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@
 .metadata-label::after {
     content: ":";
     font-size: 0.8rem;
-    margin-left: 0.25rem;
+    margin-inline-start: 0.25rem;
 }
 
 .metadata-value {
@@ -140,11 +140,11 @@
 }
 
 .tab-button.edit-button {
-    margin-left: auto;
+    margin-inline-start: auto;
 }
 
 .action-buttons-group {
-    margin-left: auto;
+    margin-inline-start: auto;
     display: flex;
     gap: 0;
     align-items: center;
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@
     padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
     background: transparent;
     border: none;
-    text-align: left;
+    text-align: start;
     cursor: pointer;
     color: var(--color-text);
     font-family: var(--font-mono);
@@ -200,22 +200,22 @@
     display: flex;
     flex-direction: column;
     align-items: flex-start;
-    border-left: 1px dashed var(--color-subtle);
+    border-inline-start: 1px dashed var(--color-subtle);
 }
 
 .record-field {
     display: flex;
     flex-direction: column;
     padding: 0rem 0 0rem 1rem;
-    padding-right: 1rem;
-    margin-left: -1px;
-    border-left: 2px solid var(--color-secondary);
+    padding-inline-end: 1rem;
+    margin-inline-start: -1px;
+    border-inline-start: 2px solid var(--color-secondary);
     border-bottom: 1px dashed var(--color-subtle);
     z-index: 1;
 }
 
 .record-field.field-error {
-    border-left-color: var(--color-error);
+    border-inline-start-color: var(--color-error);
     background-color: rgba(255, 107, 107, 0.05);
 }
 
@@ -224,11 +224,11 @@
     font-size: 0.85rem;
     color: var(--color-error);
     padding: 0.25rem 0;
-    border-left: 2px solid var(--color-error);
+    border-inline-start: 2px solid var(--color-error);
     border-bottom: 1px dashed var(--color-error);
-    padding-left: 0.5rem;
+    padding-inline-start: 0.5rem;
     word-wrap: break-word;
-    margin-left: -1px;
+    margin-inline-start: -1px;
     word-break: break-word;
     overflow-wrap: break-word;
 }
@@ -254,7 +254,7 @@
     color: var(--color-subtle);
     font-size: 0.9rem;
     font-weight: 400;
-    padding-left: 0.125rem;
+    padding-inline-start: 0.125rem;
     padding-top: 0.5rem;
 }
 
@@ -285,18 +285,18 @@
 
 .record-section {
     position: relative;
-    margin-left: 1.5rem;
-    border-left: 1px dashed var(--color-border);
+    margin-inline-start: 1.5rem;
+    border-inline-start: 1px dashed var(--color-border);
 }
 
 .section-content .record-section {
     position: relative;
-    border-left: 1px dashed var(--color-border);
+    border-inline-start: 1px dashed var(--color-border);
 }
 
 .array-item .record-section {
     position: relative;
-    border-left: 1px dashed var(--color-border);
+    border-inline-start: 1px dashed var(--color-border);
 }
 
 .section-label {
@@ -304,11 +304,11 @@
     color: var(--color-primary);
     font-size: 1rem;
     font-weight: 600;
-    padding-left: 1rem;
+    padding-inline-start: 1rem;
     padding-top: 0.5rem;
     padding-bottom: 0.25rem;
-    margin-left: -1px;
-    border-left: 2px solid var(--color-primary);
+    margin-inline-start: -1px;
+    border-inline-start: 2px solid var(--color-primary);
     border-bottom: 1px dashed var(--color-muted);
 }
 
@@ -317,21 +317,21 @@
     color: var(--color-tertiary);
     font-size: 0.9rem;
     font-weight: 600;
-    padding-left: 1rem;
+    padding-inline-start: 1rem;
     padding-top: 0.5rem;
-    margin-left: -1px;
-    border-left: 2px solid var(--color-secondary);
+    margin-inline-start: -1px;
+    border-inline-start: 2px solid var(--color-secondary);
 }
 
 .section-content {
     display: flex;
     flex-direction: column;
     align-items: flex-start;
-    padding-right: 1rem;
+    padding-inline-end: 1rem;
 }
 
 .section-content .record-field {
-    border-left-color: var(--color-secondary);
+    border-inline-start-color: var(--color-secondary);
     opacity: 0.95;
     align-self: stretch;
     width: 100%;
@@ -536,8 +536,8 @@
 
 .validation-errors .error {
     padding: 0.25rem 0;
-    border-left: 2px solid var(--color-error);
-    padding-left: 0.5rem;
+    border-inline-start: 2px solid var(--color-error);
+    padding-inline-start: 0.5rem;
     margin: 0.25rem 0;
     word-wrap: break-word;
     word-break: break-word;
@@ -574,7 +574,7 @@
     width: 100%;
     display: flex;
     flex-direction: column;
-    margin-left: 1.48rem;
+    margin-inline-start: 1.48rem;
 }
 
 /* Pretty Editor Input Fields */
@@ -627,7 +627,7 @@
 .record-field textarea::-webkit-resizer {
     background: transparent;
     border: 2px solid var(--color-border);
-    border-left: none;
+    border-inline-start: none;
     border-bottom: none;
     border-top: none;
 }
@@ -657,7 +657,7 @@
     background: var(--color-surface);
     border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
     padding: 0.25rem 0.25rem;
-    margin-right: 0.5rem;
+    margin-inline-end: 0.5rem;
     margin-bottom: 0.2rem;
     cursor: pointer;
     transition:
@@ -694,8 +694,8 @@
     align-items: center;
     padding: 0.75rem 0 0rem 0rem;
     margin-bottom: 1rem;
-    margin-left: 1.5rem;
-    border-left: 1px solid var(--color-border);
+    margin-inline-start: 1.5rem;
+    border-inline-start: 1px solid var(--color-border);
 }
 
 .add-field-widget input[type="text"] {
@@ -705,7 +705,7 @@
     background: var(--color-background-alt, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2));
     border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
     padding: 0.3rem 0.5rem;
-    margin-left: -1px;
+    margin-inline-start: -1px;
     outline: none;
 }
 
@@ -719,7 +719,7 @@
     text-transform: uppercase;
     letter-spacing: 0.05em;
     padding: 0.3rem 0.75rem;
-    margin-left: -1px;
+    margin-inline-start: -1px;
     background: transparent;
     border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
     color: var(--color-primary);
@@ -733,7 +733,7 @@
     text-transform: uppercase;
     letter-spacing: 0.05em;
     padding: 0.36rem 0.75rem;
-    margin-left: -1px;
+    margin-inline-start: -1px;
     background: transparent;
     border: 1px solid var(--color-primary);
     color: var(--color-primary);
@@ -799,7 +799,7 @@
     background: var(--color-surface);
     border: 1px dashed var(--color-border);
     padding: 0.25rem 0.5rem;
-    margin-right: 0.5rem;
+    margin-inline-end: 0.5rem;
     margin-bottom: -0.2rem;
     cursor: pointer;
     transition:
@@ -933,19 +933,19 @@
 
 .accordion-content {
     grid-template-rows: 1fr;
-    padding-left: 46px;
+    padding-inline-start: 46px;
 }
 
 .accordion-content .section-content {
-    margin-left: -1px;
+    margin-inline-start: -1px;
 }
 
 .accordion-content .record-field {
-    margin-left: 0px;
+    margin-inline-start: 0px;
 }
 
 .accordion-content .array-item {
-    margin-left: 0px;
+    margin-inline-start: 0px;
 }
 
 .accordion-content .array-item .section-content {
@@ -953,15 +953,15 @@
 }
 
 .accordion-content .array-item .record-section {
-    margin-left: 1.5rem;
+    margin-inline-start: 1.5rem;
 }
 
 .accordion-content .array-item .record-section .record-field {
-    margin-left: -1px;
+    margin-inline-start: -1px;
 }
 
 .accordion-content .array-item .record-section .accordion-trigger .section-label {
-    margin-left: -2px;
+    margin-inline-start: -2px;
 }
 
 .accordion-trigger {
@@ -969,5 +969,5 @@
 }
 
 .accordion {
-    margin-left: -46px;
+    margin-inline-start: -46px;
 }
diff --git a/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/beforeinput.rs b/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/beforeinput.rs
index 5649c57..5f444b1 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/beforeinput.rs
+++ b/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/beforeinput.rs
@@ -288,23 +288,40 @@ pub fn handle_beforeinput(
         // === Insertion ===
         InputType::InsertText => {
             if let Some(text) = ctx.data {
-                // Simple text insert - update model, let browser handle DOM
-                // This mirrors the simple delete handling: we track in model,
-                // browser handles visual update, DOM sync skips innerHTML for
-                // cursor paragraph when syntax is unchanged
+                use super::FORCE_INNERHTML_UPDATE;
+
                 let action = EditorAction::Insert {
                     text: text.clone(),
                     range,
                 };
                 execute_action(doc, &action);
-                tracing::trace!(
-                    text_len = text.len(),
-                    range_start = range.start,
-                    range_end = range.end,
-                    cursor_after = doc.cursor.read().offset,
-                    "insertText: updated model, PassThrough to browser"
-                );
-                BeforeInputResult::PassThrough
+
+                // Log model content after insert to detect ZWC contamination
+                if tracing::enabled!(tracing::Level::TRACE) {
+                    let content = doc.content();
+                    tracing::trace!(
+                        text_len = text.len(),
+                        range_start = range.start,
+                        range_end = range.end,
+                        cursor_after = doc.cursor.read().offset,
+                        model_len = content.len(),
+                        model_chars = content.chars().count(),
+                        model_content = %content.escape_debug(),
+                        force_innerhtml = FORCE_INNERHTML_UPDATE,
+                        "insertText: updated model"
+                    );
+                }
+
+                // When FORCE_INNERHTML_UPDATE is true, dom_sync will always replace
+                // innerHTML. We must preventDefault to avoid browser's default action
+                // racing with our innerHTML update and causing double-insertion.
+                if FORCE_INNERHTML_UPDATE {
+                    BeforeInputResult::Handled
+                } else {
+                    // PassThrough: browser handles DOM, we just track in model.
+                    // dom_sync will skip innerHTML for cursor paragraph when syntax unchanged.
+                    BeforeInputResult::PassThrough
+                }
             } else {
                 BeforeInputResult::PassThrough
             }
@@ -372,7 +389,8 @@ pub fn handle_beforeinput(
             };
 
             if needs_special_handling {
-                // Complex delete - we handle everything, prevent browser default
+                // Handle fully when: complex delete OR when dom_sync will replace innerHTML
+                // (FORCE_INNERHTML_UPDATE). PassThrough + innerHTML causes double-deletion.
                 let action = EditorAction::DeleteBackward { range };
                 execute_action(doc, &action);
                 BeforeInputResult::Handled
@@ -388,7 +406,11 @@ pub fn handle_beforeinput(
                     doc.selection.set(None);
                 }
                 tracing::debug!("deleteContentBackward: after model update, returning PassThrough");
-                BeforeInputResult::PassThrough
+                if super::FORCE_INNERHTML_UPDATE {
+                    BeforeInputResult::Handled
+                } else {
+                    BeforeInputResult::PassThrough
+                }
             }
         }
 
@@ -404,6 +426,7 @@ pub fn handle_beforeinput(
             };
 
             if needs_special_handling {
+                // Handle fully when: complex delete OR when dom_sync will replace innerHTML
                 let action = EditorAction::DeleteForward { range };
                 execute_action(doc, &action);
                 BeforeInputResult::Handled
@@ -413,7 +436,11 @@ pub fn handle_beforeinput(
                     let _ = doc.remove_tracked(range.start, 1);
                     doc.selection.set(None);
                 }
-                BeforeInputResult::PassThrough
+                if super::FORCE_INNERHTML_UPDATE {
+                    BeforeInputResult::Handled
+                } else {
+                    BeforeInputResult::PassThrough
+                }
             }
         }
 
diff --git a/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/dom_sync.rs b/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/dom_sync.rs
index 4f635ab..d1bc22c 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/dom_sync.rs
+++ b/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/dom_sync.rs
@@ -496,9 +496,7 @@ pub fn update_paragraph_dom(
             }
 
             if needs_update {
-                // TESTING: Force innerHTML update to measure timing cost
-                // TODO: Remove this flag after benchmarking
-                const FORCE_INNERHTML_UPDATE: bool = true;
+                use super::FORCE_INNERHTML_UPDATE;
 
                 // For cursor paragraph: only update if syntax/formatting changed
                 // This prevents destroying browser selection during fast typing
@@ -549,6 +547,17 @@ pub fn update_paragraph_dom(
                     // Update hash - browser native editing has the correct content
                     let _ = existing_elem.set_attribute("data-hash", &new_hash);
                 } else {
+                    // Log old innerHTML before replacement to see what browser did
+                    if tracing::enabled!(tracing::Level::TRACE) {
+                        let old_inner = existing_elem.inner_html();
+                        tracing::trace!(
+                            para_id = %para_id,
+                            old_inner = %old_inner.escape_debug(),
+                            new_html = %new_para.html.escape_debug(),
+                            "update_paragraph_dom: replacing innerHTML"
+                        );
+                    }
+
                     // Timing instrumentation for innerHTML update cost
                     let start = web_sys::window()
                         .and_then(|w| w.performance())
diff --git a/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/mod.rs b/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/mod.rs
index be1609d..bec51bd 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/mod.rs
+++ b/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/mod.rs
@@ -32,6 +32,15 @@ mod writer;
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests;
 
+/// When true, always update innerHTML even for cursor paragraph during typing.
+/// This ensures syntax/formatting changes are immediately visible, but requires
+/// using `Handled` (preventDefault) for InsertText to avoid double-insertion
+/// from browser's default action racing with our innerHTML update.
+///
+/// TODO: Replace with granular detection of syntax/formatting changes to allow
+/// PassThrough optimization when only text content changes.
+pub(crate) const FORCE_INNERHTML_UPDATE: bool = true;
+
 // Main component
 pub use component::MarkdownEditor;
 
diff --git a/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/publish.rs b/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/publish.rs
index ca25019..a1503ad 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/publish.rs
+++ b/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/publish.rs
@@ -250,6 +250,7 @@ pub async fn publish_entry(
             .title(doc.title())
             .path(path)
             .created_at(Datetime::now())
+            .updated_at(Datetime::now())
             .maybe_tags(tags)
             .maybe_embeds(entry_embeds)
             .build();
@@ -400,6 +401,7 @@ pub async fn publish_entry(
             .title(doc.title())
             .path(path)
             .created_at(Datetime::now())
+            .updated_at(Datetime::now())
             .maybe_tags(tags)
             .maybe_embeds(entry_embeds)
             .build();
diff --git a/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/render.rs b/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/render.rs
index 85f86b5..98bfcf8 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/render.rs
+++ b/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/render.rs
@@ -184,6 +184,17 @@ pub fn render_paragraphs_incremental(
     let fn_start = crate::perf::now();
     let source = text.to_string();
 
+    // Log source entering renderer to detect ZWC/space issues
+    if tracing::enabled!(target: "weaver::render", tracing::Level::TRACE) {
+        tracing::trace!(
+            target: "weaver::render",
+            source_len = source.len(),
+            source_chars = source.chars().count(),
+            source_content = %source.escape_debug(),
+            "render_paragraphs: source entering renderer"
+        );
+    }
+
     // Handle empty document
     if source.is_empty() {
         let empty_node_id = "n0".to_string();
diff --git a/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__blockquote.snap b/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__blockquote.snap
index 93cf634..ecac4e7 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__blockquote.snap
+++ b/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__blockquote.snap
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ expression: result
   char_range:
     - 0
     - 18
-  html: "<blockquote>\n<p id=\"n0\"><span class=\"md-syntax-block\" data-syn-id=\"s0\" data-char-start=\"0\" data-char-end=\"1\">&gt;</span> This is a quote\n</p>\n</blockquote>\n"
+  html: "<blockquote>\n<p id=\"p-0-n0\"><span class=\"md-syntax-block\" data-syn-id=\"s0\" data-char-start=\"0\" data-char-end=\"1\">&gt;</span> This is a quote\n</p>\n"
   offset_map:
     - byte_range:
         - 2
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 0
         - 0
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: 0
       utf16_len: 0
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 0
         - 1
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 1
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 1
         - 2
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 1
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 1
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 2
         - 17
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 2
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 15
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 17
         - 18
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 17
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 1
@@ -86,25 +86,35 @@ expression: result
   char_range:
     - 22
     - 41
-  html: "<p id=\"n1\">With multiple lines</p>\n"
+  html: "<span id=\"p-1-n0\" class=\"md-syntax-block\" data-syn-id=\"s1\" data-char-start=\"18\" data-char-end=\"22\">&gt;\n&gt; </span></span>\n<p id=\"p-1-n1\" dir=\"ltr\">With multiple lines</p>\n"
   offset_map:
     - byte_range:
-        - 0
-        - 0
+        - 18
+        - 22
       char_range:
+        - 18
         - 22
+      node_id: p-1-n0
+      char_offset_in_node: 0
+      child_index: ~
+      utf16_len: 4
+    - byte_range:
         - 22
-      node_id: n1
+        - 22
+      char_range:
+        - 22
+        - 22
+      node_id: p-1-n1
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: 0
       utf16_len: 0
     - byte_range:
-        - 0
-        - 19
+        - 22
+        - 41
       char_range:
         - 22
         - 41
-      node_id: n1
+      node_id: p-1-n1
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 19
diff --git a/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__bold.snap b/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__bold.snap
index c14d540..323f2f1 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__bold.snap
+++ b/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__bold.snap
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ expression: result
   char_range:
     - 0
     - 18
-  html: "<p id=\"n0\">Some <span class=\"md-syntax-inline\" data-syn-id=\"s0\" data-char-start=\"5\" data-char-end=\"7\">**</span><strong>bold</strong><span class=\"md-syntax-inline\" data-syn-id=\"s1\" data-char-start=\"11\" data-char-end=\"13\">**</span> text</p>\n"
+  html: "<p id=\"p-0-n0\" dir=\"ltr\">Some <span class=\"md-syntax-inline\" data-syn-id=\"s0\" data-char-start=\"5\" data-char-end=\"7\">**</span><strong>bold</strong><span class=\"md-syntax-inline\" data-syn-id=\"s1\" data-char-start=\"11\" data-char-end=\"13\">**</span> text</p>\n"
   offset_map:
     - byte_range:
         - 0
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 0
         - 0
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: 0
       utf16_len: 0
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 0
         - 5
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 5
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 5
         - 7
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 5
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 2
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 7
         - 11
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 7
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 4
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 11
         - 13
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 11
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 2
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 13
         - 18
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 13
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 5
diff --git a/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__bold_italic.snap b/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__bold_italic.snap
index 3f66287..94d4d8d 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__bold_italic.snap
+++ b/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__bold_italic.snap
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ expression: result
   char_range:
     - 0
     - 27
-  html: "<p id=\"n0\">Some <span class=\"md-syntax-inline\" data-syn-id=\"s0\" data-char-start=\"5\" data-char-end=\"6\">*</span><em><span class=\"md-syntax-inline\" data-syn-id=\"s1\" data-char-start=\"6\" data-char-end=\"8\">**</span><strong>bold italic</strong><span class=\"md-syntax-inline\" data-syn-id=\"s2\" data-char-start=\"19\" data-char-end=\"21\">**</span></em><span class=\"md-syntax-inline\" data-syn-id=\"s3\" data-char-start=\"21\" data-char-end=\"22\">*</span> text</p>\n"
+  html: "<p id=\"p-0-n0\" dir=\"ltr\">Some <span class=\"md-syntax-inline\" data-syn-id=\"s0\" data-char-start=\"5\" data-char-end=\"6\">*</span><em><span class=\"md-syntax-inline\" data-syn-id=\"s1\" data-char-start=\"6\" data-char-end=\"8\">**</span><strong>bold italic</strong><span class=\"md-syntax-inline\" data-syn-id=\"s2\" data-char-start=\"19\" data-char-end=\"21\">**</span></em><span class=\"md-syntax-inline\" data-syn-id=\"s3\" data-char-start=\"21\" data-char-end=\"22\">*</span> text</p>\n"
   offset_map:
     - byte_range:
         - 0
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 0
         - 0
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: 0
       utf16_len: 0
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 0
         - 5
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 5
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 5
         - 6
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 5
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 1
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 6
         - 8
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 6
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 2
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 8
         - 19
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 8
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 11
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 19
         - 21
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 19
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 2
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 21
         - 22
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 21
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 1
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 22
         - 27
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 22
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 5
diff --git a/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__code_block_fenced.snap b/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__code_block_fenced.snap
index 6233f74..c2495e8 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__code_block_fenced.snap
+++ b/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__code_block_fenced.snap
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ expression: result
   char_range:
     - 0
     - 24
-  html: "<span class=\"md-syntax-block\" data-syn-id=\"s0\" data-char-start=\"0\" data-char-end=\"8\" spellcheck=\"false\">```rust</span>\n<pre data-node-id=\"n0\"><code class=\"wvc-code language-Rust\"><span class=\"wvc-source wvc-rust\"><span class=\"wvc-meta wvc-function wvc-rust\"><span class=\"wvc-meta wvc-function wvc-rust\"><span class=\"wvc-storage wvc-type wvc-function wvc-rust\">fn</span> </span><span class=\"wvc-entity wvc-name wvc-function wvc-rust\">main</span></span><span class=\"wvc-meta wvc-function wvc-rust\"><span class=\"wvc-meta wvc-function wvc-parameters wvc-rust\"><span class=\"wvc-punctuation wvc-section wvc-parameters wvc-begin wvc-rust\">(</span></span><span class=\"wvc-meta wvc-function wvc-rust\"><span class=\"wvc-meta wvc-function wvc-parameters wvc-rust\"><span class=\"wvc-punctuation wvc-section wvc-parameters wvc-end wvc-rust\">)</span></span></span></span><span class=\"wvc-meta wvc-function wvc-rust\"> </span><span class=\"wvc-meta wvc-function wvc-rust\"><span class=\"wvc-meta wvc-block wvc-rust\"><span class=\"wvc-punctuation wvc-section wvc-block wvc-begin wvc-rust\">{</span></span><span class=\"wvc-meta wvc-block wvc-rust\"><span class=\"wvc-punctuation wvc-section wvc-block wvc-end wvc-rust\">}</span></span></span>\n</span></code></pre><span class=\"md-syntax-block\" data-syn-id=\"s1\" data-char-start=\"21\" data-char-end=\"24\" spellcheck=\"false\">```</span>"
+  html: "<span class=\"md-syntax-block\" data-syn-id=\"s0\" data-char-start=\"0\" data-char-end=\"8\" spellcheck=\"false\">```rust</span>\n<pre data-node-id=\"p-0-n0\"><code class=\"wvc-code language-Rust\"><span class=\"wvc-source wvc-rust\"><span class=\"wvc-meta wvc-function wvc-rust\"><span class=\"wvc-meta wvc-function wvc-rust\"><span class=\"wvc-storage wvc-type wvc-function wvc-rust\">fn</span> </span><span class=\"wvc-entity wvc-name wvc-function wvc-rust\">main</span></span><span class=\"wvc-meta wvc-function wvc-rust\"><span class=\"wvc-meta wvc-function wvc-parameters wvc-rust\"><span class=\"wvc-punctuation wvc-section wvc-parameters wvc-begin wvc-rust\">(</span></span><span class=\"wvc-meta wvc-function wvc-rust\"><span class=\"wvc-meta wvc-function wvc-parameters wvc-rust\"><span class=\"wvc-punctuation wvc-section wvc-parameters wvc-end wvc-rust\">)</span></span></span></span><span class=\"wvc-meta wvc-function wvc-rust\"> </span><span class=\"wvc-meta wvc-function wvc-rust\"><span class=\"wvc-meta wvc-block wvc-rust\"><span class=\"wvc-punctuation wvc-section wvc-block wvc-begin wvc-rust\">{</span></span><span class=\"wvc-meta wvc-block wvc-rust\"><span class=\"wvc-punctuation wvc-section wvc-block wvc-end wvc-rust\">}</span></span></span>\n</span></code></pre><span class=\"md-syntax-block\" data-syn-id=\"s1\" data-char-start=\"21\" data-char-end=\"24\" spellcheck=\"false\">```</span>"
   offset_map:
     - byte_range:
         - 8
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 8
         - 21
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 13
diff --git a/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__gap_between_blocks.snap b/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__gap_between_blocks.snap
index d5b69bd..597e5d5 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__gap_between_blocks.snap
+++ b/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__gap_between_blocks.snap
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ expression: result
   char_range:
     - 0
     - 10
-  html: "<h1 data-node-id=\"n0\"><span class=\"md-syntax-block\" data-syn-id=\"s0\" data-char-start=\"0\" data-char-end=\"2\"># </span>Heading\n</h1>\n"
+  html: "<h1 data-node-id=\"p-0-n0\" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"md-syntax-block\" data-syn-id=\"s0\" data-char-start=\"0\" data-char-end=\"2\"># </span>Heading\n</h1>\n"
   offset_map:
     - byte_range:
         - 0
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 0
         - 0
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: 0
       utf16_len: 0
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 0
         - 2
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 2
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 2
         - 9
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 2
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 7
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 9
         - 10
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 9
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 1
@@ -57,25 +57,35 @@ expression: result
   char_range:
     - 11
     - 26
-  html: "<p id=\"n1\">Paragraph below</p>\n"
+  html: "<span id=\"p-1-n0\">\n</span>\n<p id=\"p-1-n1\" dir=\"ltr\">Paragraph below</p>\n"
   offset_map:
     - byte_range:
-        - 0
-        - 0
+        - 10
+        - 11
+      char_range:
+        - 10
+        - 11
+      node_id: p-1-n0
+      char_offset_in_node: 0
+      child_index: ~
+      utf16_len: 1
+    - byte_range:
+        - 11
+        - 11
       char_range:
         - 11
         - 11
-      node_id: n1
+      node_id: p-1-n1
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: 0
       utf16_len: 0
     - byte_range:
-        - 0
-        - 15
+        - 11
+        - 26
       char_range:
         - 11
         - 26
-      node_id: n1
+      node_id: p-1-n1
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 15
diff --git a/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__hard_break.snap b/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__hard_break.snap
index 7853751..556c922 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__hard_break.snap
+++ b/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__hard_break.snap
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ expression: result
   char_range:
     - 0
     - 19
-  html: "<p id=\"n0\">Line one<span class=\"md-placeholder\" data-syn-id=\"s0\" data-char-start=\"8\" data-char-end=\"10\">  </span><br /> Line two</p>\n"
+  html: "<p id=\"p-0-n0\" dir=\"ltr\">Line one<span class=\"md-placeholder\" data-syn-id=\"s0\" data-char-start=\"8\" data-char-end=\"10\">  </span><br />​Line two</p>\n"
   offset_map:
     - byte_range:
         - 0
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 0
         - 0
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: 0
       utf16_len: 0
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 0
         - 8
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 8
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 8
         - 10
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 8
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 2
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 10
         - 11
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 10
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 1
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 11
         - 19
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 11
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 8
diff --git a/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__heading_h1.snap b/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__heading_h1.snap
index 9b9566b..14c269c 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__heading_h1.snap
+++ b/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__heading_h1.snap
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ expression: result
   char_range:
     - 0
     - 11
-  html: "<h1 data-node-id=\"n0\"><span class=\"md-syntax-block\" data-syn-id=\"s0\" data-char-start=\"0\" data-char-end=\"2\"># </span>Heading 1</h1>\n"
+  html: "<h1 data-node-id=\"p-0-n0\" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"md-syntax-block\" data-syn-id=\"s0\" data-char-start=\"0\" data-char-end=\"2\"># </span>Heading 1</h1>\n"
   offset_map:
     - byte_range:
         - 0
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 0
         - 0
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: 0
       utf16_len: 0
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 0
         - 2
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 2
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 2
         - 11
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 2
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 9
diff --git a/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__heading_levels.snap b/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__heading_levels.snap
index 4740ffb..922ba3b 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__heading_levels.snap
+++ b/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__heading_levels.snap
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ expression: result
   char_range:
     - 0
     - 5
-  html: "<h1 data-node-id=\"n0\"><span class=\"md-syntax-block\" data-syn-id=\"s0\" data-char-start=\"0\" data-char-end=\"2\"># </span>H1\n</h1>\n"
+  html: "<h1 data-node-id=\"p-0-n0\" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"md-syntax-block\" data-syn-id=\"s0\" data-char-start=\"0\" data-char-end=\"2\"># </span>H1\n</h1>\n"
   offset_map:
     - byte_range:
         - 0
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 0
         - 0
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: 0
       utf16_len: 0
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 0
         - 2
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 2
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 2
         - 4
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 2
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 2
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 4
         - 5
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 4
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 1
@@ -57,45 +57,55 @@ expression: result
   char_range:
     - 6
     - 12
-  html: "<h2 data-node-id=\"n1\"><span class=\"md-syntax-block\" data-syn-id=\"s1\" data-char-start=\"6\" data-char-end=\"9\">## </span>H2\n</h2>\n"
+  html: "<span id=\"p-1-n0\">\n</span>\n<h2 data-node-id=\"p-1-n1\" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"md-syntax-block\" data-syn-id=\"s1\" data-char-start=\"6\" data-char-end=\"9\">## </span>H2\n</h2>\n"
   offset_map:
     - byte_range:
-        - 0
-        - 0
+        - 5
+        - 6
       char_range:
+        - 5
         - 6
+      node_id: p-1-n0
+      char_offset_in_node: 0
+      child_index: ~
+      utf16_len: 1
+    - byte_range:
         - 6
-      node_id: n1
+        - 6
+      char_range:
+        - 6
+        - 6
+      node_id: p-1-n1
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: 0
       utf16_len: 0
     - byte_range:
-        - 0
-        - 3
+        - 6
+        - 9
       char_range:
         - 6
         - 9
-      node_id: n1
+      node_id: p-1-n1
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 3
     - byte_range:
-        - 3
-        - 5
+        - 9
+        - 11
       char_range:
         - 9
         - 11
-      node_id: n1
+      node_id: p-1-n1
       char_offset_in_node: 3
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 2
     - byte_range:
-        - 5
-        - 6
+        - 11
+        - 12
       char_range:
         - 11
         - 12
-      node_id: n1
+      node_id: p-1-n1
       char_offset_in_node: 5
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 1
@@ -106,45 +116,55 @@ expression: result
   char_range:
     - 13
     - 20
-  html: "<h3 data-node-id=\"n2\"><span class=\"md-syntax-block\" data-syn-id=\"s2\" data-char-start=\"13\" data-char-end=\"17\">### </span>H3\n</h3>\n"
+  html: "<span id=\"p-2-n0\">\n</span>\n<h3 data-node-id=\"p-2-n1\" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"md-syntax-block\" data-syn-id=\"s2\" data-char-start=\"13\" data-char-end=\"17\">### </span>H3\n</h3>\n"
   offset_map:
     - byte_range:
-        - 0
-        - 0
+        - 12
+        - 13
       char_range:
+        - 12
+        - 13
+      node_id: p-2-n0
+      char_offset_in_node: 0
+      child_index: ~
+      utf16_len: 1
+    - byte_range:
         - 13
         - 13
-      node_id: n2
+      char_range:
+        - 13
+        - 13
+      node_id: p-2-n1
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: 0
       utf16_len: 0
     - byte_range:
-        - 0
-        - 4
+        - 13
+        - 17
       char_range:
         - 13
         - 17
-      node_id: n2
+      node_id: p-2-n1
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 4
     - byte_range:
-        - 4
-        - 6
+        - 17
+        - 19
       char_range:
         - 17
         - 19
-      node_id: n2
+      node_id: p-2-n1
       char_offset_in_node: 4
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 2
     - byte_range:
-        - 6
-        - 7
+        - 19
+        - 20
       char_range:
         - 19
         - 20
-      node_id: n2
+      node_id: p-2-n1
       char_offset_in_node: 6
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 1
@@ -155,35 +175,45 @@ expression: result
   char_range:
     - 21
     - 28
-  html: "<h4 data-node-id=\"n3\"><span class=\"md-syntax-block\" data-syn-id=\"s3\" data-char-start=\"21\" data-char-end=\"26\">#### </span>H4</h4>\n"
+  html: "<span id=\"p-3-n0\">\n</span>\n<h4 data-node-id=\"p-3-n1\" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"md-syntax-block\" data-syn-id=\"s3\" data-char-start=\"21\" data-char-end=\"26\">#### </span>H4</h4>\n"
   offset_map:
     - byte_range:
-        - 0
-        - 0
+        - 20
+        - 21
+      char_range:
+        - 20
+        - 21
+      node_id: p-3-n0
+      char_offset_in_node: 0
+      child_index: ~
+      utf16_len: 1
+    - byte_range:
+        - 21
+        - 21
       char_range:
         - 21
         - 21
-      node_id: n3
+      node_id: p-3-n1
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: 0
       utf16_len: 0
     - byte_range:
-        - 0
-        - 5
+        - 21
+        - 26
       char_range:
         - 21
         - 26
-      node_id: n3
+      node_id: p-3-n1
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 5
     - byte_range:
-        - 5
-        - 7
+        - 26
+        - 28
       char_range:
         - 26
         - 28
-      node_id: n3
+      node_id: p-3-n1
       char_offset_in_node: 5
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 2
diff --git a/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__inline_code.snap b/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__inline_code.snap
index 8758feb..e719850 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__inline_code.snap
+++ b/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__inline_code.snap
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ expression: result
   char_range:
     - 0
     - 16
-  html: "<p id=\"n0\">Some <span class=\"md-syntax-inline\" data-syn-id=\"s0\" data-char-start=\"5\" data-char-end=\"6\" spellcheck=\"false\">`</span><code>code</code><span class=\"md-syntax-inline\" data-syn-id=\"s1\" data-char-start=\"10\" data-char-end=\"11\" spellcheck=\"false\">`</span> here</p>\n"
+  html: "<p id=\"p-0-n0\" dir=\"ltr\">Some <span class=\"md-syntax-inline\" data-syn-id=\"s0\" data-char-start=\"5\" data-char-end=\"6\" spellcheck=\"false\">`</span><code>code</code><span class=\"md-syntax-inline\" data-syn-id=\"s1\" data-char-start=\"10\" data-char-end=\"11\" spellcheck=\"false\">`</span> here</p>\n"
   offset_map:
     - byte_range:
         - 0
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 0
         - 0
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: 0
       utf16_len: 0
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 0
         - 5
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 5
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 6
         - 10
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 5
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 6
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 11
         - 16
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 11
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 5
diff --git a/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__italic.snap b/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__italic.snap
index 0cb4391..4b3bde2 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__italic.snap
+++ b/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__italic.snap
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ expression: result
   char_range:
     - 0
     - 18
-  html: "<p id=\"n0\">Some <span class=\"md-syntax-inline\" data-syn-id=\"s0\" data-char-start=\"5\" data-char-end=\"6\">*</span><em>italic</em><span class=\"md-syntax-inline\" data-syn-id=\"s1\" data-char-start=\"12\" data-char-end=\"13\">*</span> text</p>\n"
+  html: "<p id=\"p-0-n0\" dir=\"ltr\">Some <span class=\"md-syntax-inline\" data-syn-id=\"s0\" data-char-start=\"5\" data-char-end=\"6\">*</span><em>italic</em><span class=\"md-syntax-inline\" data-syn-id=\"s1\" data-char-start=\"12\" data-char-end=\"13\">*</span> text</p>\n"
   offset_map:
     - byte_range:
         - 0
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 0
         - 0
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: 0
       utf16_len: 0
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 0
         - 5
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 5
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 5
         - 6
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 5
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 1
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 6
         - 12
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 6
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 6
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 12
         - 13
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 12
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 1
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 13
         - 18
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 13
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 5
diff --git a/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__mixed_unicode_ascii.snap b/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__mixed_unicode_ascii.snap
index 03f705b..3be09e2 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__mixed_unicode_ascii.snap
+++ b/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__mixed_unicode_ascii.snap
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ expression: result
   char_range:
     - 0
     - 16
-  html: "<p id=\"n0\">Hello 你好 world 🎉</p>\n"
+  html: "<p id=\"p-0-n0\" dir=\"ltr\">Hello 你好 world 🎉</p>\n"
   offset_map:
     - byte_range:
         - 0
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 0
         - 0
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: 0
       utf16_len: 0
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 0
         - 16
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 17
diff --git a/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__multiple_blank_lines.snap b/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__multiple_blank_lines.snap
index 3915940..1c8e396 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__multiple_blank_lines.snap
+++ b/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__multiple_blank_lines.snap
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ expression: result
   char_range:
     - 0
     - 6
-  html: "<p id=\"n0\">First\n</p>\n"
+  html: "<p id=\"p-0-n0\" dir=\"ltr\">First\n</p>\n"
   offset_map:
     - byte_range:
         - 0
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 0
         - 0
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: 0
       utf16_len: 0
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 0
         - 5
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 5
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 5
         - 6
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 5
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 1
@@ -66,25 +66,35 @@ expression: result
   char_range:
     - 9
     - 15
-  html: "<p id=\"n1\">Second</p>\n"
+  html: "<span id=\"p-1-n0\">\n\n\n</span>\n<p id=\"p-1-n1\" dir=\"ltr\">Second</p>\n"
   offset_map:
     - byte_range:
-        - 0
-        - 0
+        - 6
+        - 9
+      char_range:
+        - 6
+        - 9
+      node_id: p-1-n0
+      char_offset_in_node: 0
+      child_index: ~
+      utf16_len: 3
+    - byte_range:
+        - 9
+        - 9
       char_range:
         - 9
         - 9
-      node_id: n1
+      node_id: p-1-n1
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: 0
       utf16_len: 0
     - byte_range:
-        - 0
-        - 6
+        - 9
+        - 15
       char_range:
         - 9
         - 15
-      node_id: n1
+      node_id: p-1-n1
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 6
diff --git a/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__multiple_inline_formats.snap b/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__multiple_inline_formats.snap
index 9e845fa..2061656 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__multiple_inline_formats.snap
+++ b/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__multiple_inline_formats.snap
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ expression: result
   char_range:
     - 0
     - 32
-  html: "<p id=\"n0\"><span class=\"md-syntax-inline\" data-syn-id=\"s0\" data-char-start=\"0\" data-char-end=\"2\">**</span><strong>Bold</strong><span class=\"md-syntax-inline\" data-syn-id=\"s1\" data-char-start=\"6\" data-char-end=\"8\">**</span> and <span class=\"md-syntax-inline\" data-syn-id=\"s2\" data-char-start=\"13\" data-char-end=\"14\">*</span><em>italic</em><span class=\"md-syntax-inline\" data-syn-id=\"s3\" data-char-start=\"20\" data-char-end=\"21\">*</span> and <span class=\"md-syntax-inline\" data-syn-id=\"s4\" data-char-start=\"26\" data-char-end=\"27\" spellcheck=\"false\">`</span><code>code</code><span class=\"md-syntax-inline\" data-syn-id=\"s5\" data-char-start=\"31\" data-char-end=\"32\" spellcheck=\"false\">`</span></p>\n"
+  html: "<p id=\"p-0-n0\" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"md-syntax-inline\" data-syn-id=\"s0\" data-char-start=\"0\" data-char-end=\"2\">**</span><strong>Bold</strong><span class=\"md-syntax-inline\" data-syn-id=\"s1\" data-char-start=\"6\" data-char-end=\"8\">**</span> and <span class=\"md-syntax-inline\" data-syn-id=\"s2\" data-char-start=\"13\" data-char-end=\"14\">*</span><em>italic</em><span class=\"md-syntax-inline\" data-syn-id=\"s3\" data-char-start=\"20\" data-char-end=\"21\">*</span> and <span class=\"md-syntax-inline\" data-syn-id=\"s4\" data-char-start=\"26\" data-char-end=\"27\" spellcheck=\"false\">`</span><code>code</code><span class=\"md-syntax-inline\" data-syn-id=\"s5\" data-char-start=\"31\" data-char-end=\"32\" spellcheck=\"false\">`</span></p>\n"
   offset_map:
     - byte_range:
         - 0
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 0
         - 0
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: 0
       utf16_len: 0
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 0
         - 2
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 2
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 2
         - 6
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 2
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 4
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 6
         - 8
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 6
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 2
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 8
         - 13
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 8
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 5
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 13
         - 14
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 13
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 1
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 14
         - 20
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 14
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 6
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 20
         - 21
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 20
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 1
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 21
         - 26
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 21
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 5
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 27
         - 31
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 26
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 6
diff --git a/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__nested_list.snap b/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__nested_list.snap
index 43bce36..45eb510 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__nested_list.snap
+++ b/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__nested_list.snap
@@ -27,65 +27,105 @@ expression: result
   char_range:
     - 11
     - 33
-  html: "<ul>\n<li data-node-id=\"n0\"><span class=\"md-syntax-block\" data-syn-id=\"s0\" data-char-start=\"11\" data-char-end=\"13\" spellcheck=\"false\">- </span>Child 1\n  \n<ul>\n<li data-node-id=\"n1\"><span class=\"md-syntax-block\" data-syn-id=\"s1\" data-char-start=\"23\" data-char-end=\"25\" spellcheck=\"false\">- </span>Child 2\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n"
+  html: "<ul>\n<li data-node-id=\"p-0-n0\"><span class=\"md-syntax-block\" data-syn-id=\"s0\" data-char-start=\"0\" data-char-end=\"2\" spellcheck=\"false\">- </span>Parent\n  \n<ul>\n<li data-node-id=\"p-0-n1\"><span class=\"md-syntax-block\" data-syn-id=\"s1\" data-char-start=\"11\" data-char-end=\"13\" spellcheck=\"false\">- </span>Child 1\n</li>\n<span id=\"p-0-n2\">  </span>\n<li data-node-id=\"p-0-n3\"><span class=\"md-syntax-block\" data-syn-id=\"s2\" data-char-start=\"23\" data-char-end=\"25\" spellcheck=\"false\">- </span>Child 2\n</li>\n</ul>\n"
   offset_map:
     - byte_range:
         - 0
         - 2
       char_range:
+        - 0
+        - 2
+      node_id: p-0-n0
+      char_offset_in_node: 0
+      child_index: ~
+      utf16_len: 2
+    - byte_range:
+        - 2
+        - 8
+      char_range:
+        - 2
+        - 8
+      node_id: p-0-n0
+      char_offset_in_node: 2
+      child_index: ~
+      utf16_len: 6
+    - byte_range:
+        - 8
+        - 11
+      char_range:
+        - 8
+        - 11
+      node_id: p-0-n0
+      char_offset_in_node: 8
+      child_index: ~
+      utf16_len: 3
+    - byte_range:
         - 11
         - 13
-      node_id: n0
+      char_range:
+        - 11
+        - 13
+      node_id: p-0-n1
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 2
     - byte_range:
-        - 2
-        - 9
+        - 13
+        - 20
       char_range:
         - 13
         - 20
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n1
       char_offset_in_node: 2
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 7
     - byte_range:
-        - 9
-        - 12
+        - 20
+        - 21
       char_range:
         - 20
-        - 23
-      node_id: n0
+        - 21
+      node_id: p-0-n1
       char_offset_in_node: 9
       child_index: ~
-      utf16_len: 3
+      utf16_len: 1
     - byte_range:
-        - 12
-        - 14
+        - 21
+        - 23
+      char_range:
+        - 21
+        - 23
+      node_id: p-0-n2
+      char_offset_in_node: 0
+      child_index: ~
+      utf16_len: 2
+    - byte_range:
+        - 23
+        - 25
       char_range:
         - 23
         - 25
-      node_id: n1
+      node_id: p-0-n3
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 2
     - byte_range:
-        - 14
-        - 21
+        - 25
+        - 32
       char_range:
         - 25
         - 32
-      node_id: n1
+      node_id: p-0-n3
       char_offset_in_node: 2
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 7
     - byte_range:
-        - 21
-        - 22
+        - 32
+        - 33
       char_range:
         - 32
         - 33
-      node_id: n1
+      node_id: p-0-n3
       char_offset_in_node: 9
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 1
diff --git a/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__ordered_list.snap b/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__ordered_list.snap
index 5436f6e..5c23598 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__ordered_list.snap
+++ b/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__ordered_list.snap
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ expression: result
   char_range:
     - 0
     - 27
-  html: "<ol>\n<li data-node-id=\"n0\"><span class=\"md-syntax-block\" data-syn-id=\"s0\" data-char-start=\"0\" data-char-end=\"3\" spellcheck=\"false\">1. </span>First\n</li>\n<li data-node-id=\"n1\"><span class=\"md-syntax-block\" data-syn-id=\"s1\" data-char-start=\"9\" data-char-end=\"12\" spellcheck=\"false\">2. </span>Second\n</li>\n<li data-node-id=\"n2\"><span class=\"md-syntax-block\" data-syn-id=\"s2\" data-char-start=\"19\" data-char-end=\"22\" spellcheck=\"false\">3. </span>Third</li>\n</ol>\n"
+  html: "<ol>\n<li data-node-id=\"p-0-n0\"><span class=\"md-syntax-block\" data-syn-id=\"s0\" data-char-start=\"0\" data-char-end=\"3\" spellcheck=\"false\">1. </span>First\n</li>\n<li data-node-id=\"p-0-n1\"><span class=\"md-syntax-block\" data-syn-id=\"s1\" data-char-start=\"9\" data-char-end=\"12\" spellcheck=\"false\">2. </span>Second\n</li>\n<li data-node-id=\"p-0-n2\"><span class=\"md-syntax-block\" data-syn-id=\"s2\" data-char-start=\"19\" data-char-end=\"22\" spellcheck=\"false\">3. </span>Third</li>\n</ol>\n"
   offset_map:
     - byte_range:
         - 0
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 0
         - 3
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 3
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 3
         - 8
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 3
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 5
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 8
         - 9
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 8
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 1
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 9
         - 12
-      node_id: n1
+      node_id: p-0-n1
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 3
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 12
         - 18
-      node_id: n1
+      node_id: p-0-n1
       char_offset_in_node: 3
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 6
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 18
         - 19
-      node_id: n1
+      node_id: p-0-n1
       char_offset_in_node: 9
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 1
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 19
         - 22
-      node_id: n2
+      node_id: p-0-n2
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 3
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 22
         - 27
-      node_id: n2
+      node_id: p-0-n2
       char_offset_in_node: 3
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 5
diff --git a/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__single_paragraph.snap b/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__single_paragraph.snap
index caa5557..354b3c3 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__single_paragraph.snap
+++ b/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__single_paragraph.snap
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ expression: result
   char_range:
     - 0
     - 11
-  html: "<p id=\"n0\">Hello world</p>\n"
+  html: "<p id=\"p-0-n0\" dir=\"ltr\">Hello world</p>\n"
   offset_map:
     - byte_range:
         - 0
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 0
         - 0
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: 0
       utf16_len: 0
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 0
         - 11
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 11
diff --git a/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__three_paragraphs.snap b/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__three_paragraphs.snap
index aba0ec2..e94240b 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__three_paragraphs.snap
+++ b/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__three_paragraphs.snap
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ expression: result
   char_range:
     - 0
     - 5
-  html: "<p id=\"n0\">One.\n</p>\n"
+  html: "<p id=\"p-0-n0\" dir=\"ltr\">One.\n</p>\n"
   offset_map:
     - byte_range:
         - 0
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 0
         - 0
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: 0
       utf16_len: 0
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 0
         - 4
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 4
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 4
         - 5
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 4
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 1
@@ -47,35 +47,45 @@ expression: result
   char_range:
     - 6
     - 11
-  html: "<p id=\"n1\">Two.\n</p>\n"
+  html: "<span id=\"p-1-n0\">\n</span>\n<p id=\"p-1-n1\" dir=\"ltr\">Two.\n</p>\n"
   offset_map:
     - byte_range:
-        - 0
-        - 0
+        - 5
+        - 6
       char_range:
+        - 5
+        - 6
+      node_id: p-1-n0
+      char_offset_in_node: 0
+      child_index: ~
+      utf16_len: 1
+    - byte_range:
         - 6
         - 6
-      node_id: n1
+      char_range:
+        - 6
+        - 6
+      node_id: p-1-n1
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: 0
       utf16_len: 0
     - byte_range:
-        - 0
-        - 4
+        - 6
+        - 10
       char_range:
         - 6
         - 10
-      node_id: n1
+      node_id: p-1-n1
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 4
     - byte_range:
-        - 4
-        - 5
+        - 10
+        - 11
       char_range:
         - 10
         - 11
-      node_id: n1
+      node_id: p-1-n1
       char_offset_in_node: 4
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 1
@@ -86,25 +96,35 @@ expression: result
   char_range:
     - 12
     - 18
-  html: "<p id=\"n2\">Three.</p>\n"
+  html: "<span id=\"p-2-n0\">\n</span>\n<p id=\"p-2-n1\" dir=\"ltr\">Three.</p>\n"
   offset_map:
     - byte_range:
-        - 0
-        - 0
+        - 11
+        - 12
+      char_range:
+        - 11
+        - 12
+      node_id: p-2-n0
+      char_offset_in_node: 0
+      child_index: ~
+      utf16_len: 1
+    - byte_range:
+        - 12
+        - 12
       char_range:
         - 12
         - 12
-      node_id: n2
+      node_id: p-2-n1
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: 0
       utf16_len: 0
     - byte_range:
-        - 0
-        - 6
+        - 12
+        - 18
       char_range:
         - 12
         - 18
-      node_id: n2
+      node_id: p-2-n1
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 6
diff --git a/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__trailing_double_newline.snap b/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__trailing_double_newline.snap
index 5638f1f..015dc06 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__trailing_double_newline.snap
+++ b/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__trailing_double_newline.snap
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ expression: result
   char_range:
     - 0
     - 6
-  html: "<p id=\"n0\">Hello\n</p>\n"
+  html: "<p id=\"p-0-n0\" dir=\"ltr\">Hello\n</p>\n"
   offset_map:
     - byte_range:
         - 0
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 0
         - 0
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: 0
       utf16_len: 0
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 0
         - 5
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 5
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 5
         - 6
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 5
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 1
diff --git a/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__trailing_single_newline.snap b/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__trailing_single_newline.snap
index 02165ae..7e2c852 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__trailing_single_newline.snap
+++ b/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__trailing_single_newline.snap
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ expression: result
   char_range:
     - 0
     - 6
-  html: "<p id=\"n0\">Hello\n</p>\n"
+  html: "<p id=\"p-0-n0\" dir=\"ltr\">Hello\n</p>\n"
   offset_map:
     - byte_range:
         - 0
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 0
         - 0
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: 0
       utf16_len: 0
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 0
         - 5
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 5
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 5
         - 6
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 5
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 1
diff --git a/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__two_paragraphs.snap b/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__two_paragraphs.snap
index 400962c..a63f165 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__two_paragraphs.snap
+++ b/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__two_paragraphs.snap
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ expression: result
   char_range:
     - 0
     - 17
-  html: "<p id=\"n0\">First paragraph.\n</p>\n"
+  html: "<p id=\"p-0-n0\" dir=\"ltr\">First paragraph.\n</p>\n"
   offset_map:
     - byte_range:
         - 0
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 0
         - 0
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: 0
       utf16_len: 0
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 0
         - 16
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 16
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 16
         - 17
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 16
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 1
@@ -47,25 +47,35 @@ expression: result
   char_range:
     - 18
     - 35
-  html: "<p id=\"n1\">Second paragraph.</p>\n"
+  html: "<span id=\"p-1-n0\">\n</span>\n<p id=\"p-1-n1\" dir=\"ltr\">Second paragraph.</p>\n"
   offset_map:
     - byte_range:
-        - 0
-        - 0
+        - 17
+        - 18
       char_range:
+        - 17
         - 18
+      node_id: p-1-n0
+      char_offset_in_node: 0
+      child_index: ~
+      utf16_len: 1
+    - byte_range:
         - 18
-      node_id: n1
+        - 18
+      char_range:
+        - 18
+        - 18
+      node_id: p-1-n1
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: 0
       utf16_len: 0
     - byte_range:
-        - 0
-        - 17
+        - 18
+        - 35
       char_range:
         - 18
         - 35
-      node_id: n1
+      node_id: p-1-n1
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 17
diff --git a/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__unicode_cjk.snap b/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__unicode_cjk.snap
index 86f2417..3be4818 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__unicode_cjk.snap
+++ b/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__unicode_cjk.snap
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ expression: result
   char_range:
     - 0
     - 4
-  html: "<p id=\"n0\">你好世界</p>\n"
+  html: "<p id=\"p-0-n0\" dir=\"ltr\">你好世界</p>\n"
   offset_map:
     - byte_range:
         - 0
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 0
         - 0
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: 0
       utf16_len: 0
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 0
         - 4
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 4
diff --git a/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__unicode_emoji.snap b/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__unicode_emoji.snap
index b4409c5..4faf845 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__unicode_emoji.snap
+++ b/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__unicode_emoji.snap
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ expression: result
   char_range:
     - 0
     - 13
-  html: "<p id=\"n0\">Hello 🎉 world</p>\n"
+  html: "<p id=\"p-0-n0\" dir=\"ltr\">Hello 🎉 world</p>\n"
   offset_map:
     - byte_range:
         - 0
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 0
         - 0
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: 0
       utf16_len: 0
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 0
         - 13
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 14
diff --git a/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__unordered_list.snap b/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__unordered_list.snap
index e8b813a..d8992ee 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__unordered_list.snap
+++ b/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/snapshots/weaver_app__components__editor__tests__unordered_list.snap
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ expression: result
   char_range:
     - 0
     - 26
-  html: "<ul>\n<li data-node-id=\"n0\"><span class=\"md-syntax-block\" data-syn-id=\"s0\" data-char-start=\"0\" data-char-end=\"2\" spellcheck=\"false\">- </span>Item 1\n</li>\n<li data-node-id=\"n1\"><span class=\"md-syntax-block\" data-syn-id=\"s1\" data-char-start=\"9\" data-char-end=\"11\" spellcheck=\"false\">- </span>Item 2\n</li>\n<li data-node-id=\"n2\"><span class=\"md-syntax-block\" data-syn-id=\"s2\" data-char-start=\"18\" data-char-end=\"20\" spellcheck=\"false\">- </span>Item 3</li>\n</ul>\n"
+  html: "<ul>\n<li data-node-id=\"p-0-n0\"><span class=\"md-syntax-block\" data-syn-id=\"s0\" data-char-start=\"0\" data-char-end=\"2\" spellcheck=\"false\">- </span>Item 1\n</li>\n<li data-node-id=\"p-0-n1\"><span class=\"md-syntax-block\" data-syn-id=\"s1\" data-char-start=\"9\" data-char-end=\"11\" spellcheck=\"false\">- </span>Item 2\n</li>\n<li data-node-id=\"p-0-n2\"><span class=\"md-syntax-block\" data-syn-id=\"s2\" data-char-start=\"18\" data-char-end=\"20\" spellcheck=\"false\">- </span>Item 3</li>\n</ul>\n"
   offset_map:
     - byte_range:
         - 0
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 0
         - 2
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 2
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 2
         - 8
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 2
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 6
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 8
         - 9
-      node_id: n0
+      node_id: p-0-n0
       char_offset_in_node: 8
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 1
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 9
         - 11
-      node_id: n1
+      node_id: p-0-n1
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 2
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 11
         - 17
-      node_id: n1
+      node_id: p-0-n1
       char_offset_in_node: 2
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 6
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 17
         - 18
-      node_id: n1
+      node_id: p-0-n1
       char_offset_in_node: 8
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 1
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 18
         - 20
-      node_id: n2
+      node_id: p-0-n2
       char_offset_in_node: 0
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 2
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ expression: result
       char_range:
         - 20
         - 26
-      node_id: n2
+      node_id: p-0-n2
       char_offset_in_node: 2
       child_index: ~
       utf16_len: 6
diff --git a/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/tests.rs b/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/tests.rs
index de32131..3b51496 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/tests.rs
+++ b/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/tests.rs
@@ -726,7 +726,7 @@ fn test_blockquote_needs_space_or_newline() {
       char_range:
         - 0
         - 6
-      html: "<blockquote>\n<p id=\"n0\"><span class=\"md-syntax-block\" data-syn-id=\"s0\" data-char-start=\"0\" data-char-end=\"1\">&gt;</span>quote</p>\n</blockquote>\n"
+      html: "<blockquote>\n<p id=\"p-0-n0\"><span class=\"md-syntax-block\" data-syn-id=\"s0\" data-char-start=\"0\" data-char-end=\"1\">&gt;</span>quote</p>\n"
       offset_map:
         - byte_range:
             - 1
@@ -734,7 +734,7 @@ fn test_blockquote_needs_space_or_newline() {
           char_range:
             - 0
             - 0
-          node_id: n0
+          node_id: p-0-n0
           char_offset_in_node: 0
           child_index: 0
           utf16_len: 0
@@ -744,7 +744,7 @@ fn test_blockquote_needs_space_or_newline() {
           char_range:
             - 0
             - 1
-          node_id: n0
+          node_id: p-0-n0
           char_offset_in_node: 0
           child_index: ~
           utf16_len: 1
@@ -754,7 +754,7 @@ fn test_blockquote_needs_space_or_newline() {
           char_range:
             - 1
             - 6
-          node_id: n0
+          node_id: p-0-n0
           char_offset_in_node: 1
           child_index: ~
           utf16_len: 5
@@ -1089,3 +1089,60 @@ fn test_loro_ascii_fast_path() {
         );
     }
 }
+
+// =============================================================================
+// Text Direction Tests
+// =============================================================================
+
+#[test]
+fn test_paragraph_dir_ltr() {
+    let result = render_test("Hello world");
+    // Verify HTML contains dir="ltr"
+    assert!(result[0].html.contains("dir=\"ltr\""));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_paragraph_dir_rtl_hebrew() {
+    let result = render_test("שלום עולם");
+    // Verify HTML contains dir="rtl"
+    assert!(result[0].html.contains("dir=\"rtl\""));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_paragraph_dir_rtl_arabic() {
+    let result = render_test("مرحبا بالعالم");
+    // Verify HTML contains dir="rtl"
+    assert!(result[0].html.contains("dir=\"rtl\""));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_paragraph_dir_mixed_leading_neutrals() {
+    // Leading numbers and punctuation should be skipped, Hebrew should be detected
+    let result = render_test("123... שלום");
+    assert!(result[0].html.contains("dir=\"rtl\""));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_heading_dir_rtl() {
+    let result = render_test("# שלום");
+    // Verify heading has dir="rtl"
+    assert!(result[0].html.contains("dir=\"rtl\""));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_heading_dir_ltr() {
+    let result = render_test("# Hello");
+    // Verify heading has dir="ltr"
+    assert!(result[0].html.contains("dir=\"ltr\""));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_multiple_paragraphs_different_directions() {
+    let result = render_test("Hello world\n\nשלום עולם\n\nBack to English");
+    // First paragraph should be LTR
+    assert!(result[0].html.contains("dir=\"ltr\""));
+    // Second paragraph should be RTL
+    assert!(result[1].html.contains("dir=\"rtl\""));
+    // Third paragraph should be LTR
+    assert!(result[2].html.contains("dir=\"ltr\""));
+}
diff --git a/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/writer.rs b/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/writer.rs
index 4d88fd7..027189d 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/writer.rs
+++ b/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/writer.rs
@@ -10,18 +10,16 @@ pub mod segmented;
 pub mod syntax;
 pub mod tags;
 
+use super::offset_map::OffsetMapping;
 use crate::components::editor::writer::segmented::SegmentedWriter;
 pub use embed::{EditorImageResolver, EmbedContentProvider, ImageResolver};
-pub use syntax::{SyntaxSpanInfo, SyntaxType};
-
-#[allow(unused_imports)]
-use super::offset_map::{OffsetMapping, RenderResult};
 use loro::LoroText;
 use markdown_weaver::{Alignment, CowStr, Event, WeaverAttributes};
 use markdown_weaver_escape::{StrWrite, escape_html, escape_html_body_text_with_char_count};
 use std::collections::HashMap;
 use std::fmt;
 use std::ops::Range;
+pub use syntax::{SyntaxSpanInfo, SyntaxType};
 use weaver_common::EntryIndex;
 
 /// Result of rendering with the EditorWriter.
@@ -117,6 +115,7 @@ pub struct EditorWriter<'a, I: Iterator<Item = (Event<'a>, Range<usize>)>, E = (
     paragraph_ranges: Vec<(Range<usize>, Range<usize>)>, // (byte_range, char_range)
     current_paragraph_start: Option<(usize, usize)>,     // (byte_offset, char_offset)
     list_depth: usize, // Track nesting depth to avoid paragraph boundary override inside lists
+    in_footnote_def: bool, // Suppress inner paragraph boundaries in footnote definitions
 
     // Syntax span tracking for conditional visibility - current paragraph
     syntax_spans: Vec<SyntaxSpanInfo>,
@@ -159,159 +158,6 @@ impl<'a, I: Iterator<Item = (Event<'a>, Range<usize>)>, E: EmbedContentProvider,
         Self::new_with_all_offsets(source, source_text, events, 0, 0, 0, 0)
     }
 
-    pub fn new_with_all_offsets(
-        source: &'a str,
-        source_text: &'a LoroText,
-        events: I,
-        node_id_offset: usize,
-        syn_id_offset: usize,
-        char_offset_base: usize,
-        byte_offset_base: usize,
-    ) -> Self {
-        Self {
-            source,
-            source_text,
-            events,
-            writer: SegmentedWriter::new(),
-            last_byte_offset: byte_offset_base,
-            last_char_offset: char_offset_base,
-            end_newline: true,
-            in_non_writing_block: false,
-            table_state: TableState::Head,
-            table_alignments: vec![],
-            table_cell_index: 0,
-            numbers: HashMap::new(),
-            embed_provider: None,
-            image_resolver: None,
-            entry_index: None,
-            code_buffer: None,
-            code_buffer_byte_range: None,
-            code_buffer_char_range: None,
-            code_block_char_start: None,
-            code_block_opening_span_idx: None,
-            pending_blockquote_range: None,
-            render_tables_as_markdown: true,
-            table_start_offset: None,
-            offset_maps: Vec::new(),
-            node_id_prefix: None,
-            auto_increment_prefix: None,
-            static_prefix_override: None,
-            current_paragraph_index: 0,
-            next_node_id: node_id_offset,
-            current_node_id: None,
-            current_node_char_offset: 0,
-            current_node_child_count: 0,
-            utf16_checkpoints: vec![(0, 0)],
-            paragraph_ranges: Vec::new(),
-            current_paragraph_start: None,
-            list_depth: 0,
-            syntax_spans: Vec::new(),
-            next_syn_id: syn_id_offset,
-            pending_inline_formats: Vec::new(),
-            ref_collector: weaver_common::RefCollector::new(),
-            offset_maps_by_para: Vec::new(),
-            syntax_spans_by_para: Vec::new(),
-            refs_by_para: Vec::new(),
-            pending_block_attrs: None,
-            active_wrapper: None,
-            weaver_block_buffer: String::new(),
-            weaver_block_char_start: None,
-            footnote_ref_spans: HashMap::new(),
-            current_footnote_def: None,
-            _phantom: std::marker::PhantomData,
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// Add an embed content provider
-    pub fn with_embed_provider(mut self, provider: E) -> EditorWriter<'a, I, E, R> {
-        self.embed_provider = Some(provider);
-        self
-    }
-
-    /// Add an image resolver for mapping markdown image URLs to CDN URLs
-    pub fn with_image_resolver<R2: ImageResolver>(
-        self,
-        resolver: R2,
-    ) -> EditorWriter<'a, I, E, R2> {
-        EditorWriter {
-            source: self.source,
-            source_text: self.source_text,
-            events: self.events,
-            writer: self.writer,
-            last_byte_offset: self.last_byte_offset,
-            last_char_offset: self.last_char_offset,
-            end_newline: self.end_newline,
-            in_non_writing_block: self.in_non_writing_block,
-            table_state: self.table_state,
-            table_alignments: self.table_alignments,
-            table_cell_index: self.table_cell_index,
-            numbers: self.numbers,
-            embed_provider: self.embed_provider,
-            image_resolver: Some(resolver),
-            entry_index: self.entry_index,
-            code_buffer: self.code_buffer,
-            code_buffer_byte_range: self.code_buffer_byte_range,
-            code_buffer_char_range: self.code_buffer_char_range,
-            code_block_char_start: self.code_block_char_start,
-            code_block_opening_span_idx: self.code_block_opening_span_idx,
-            pending_blockquote_range: self.pending_blockquote_range,
-            render_tables_as_markdown: self.render_tables_as_markdown,
-            table_start_offset: self.table_start_offset,
-            offset_maps: self.offset_maps,
-            node_id_prefix: self.node_id_prefix,
-            auto_increment_prefix: self.auto_increment_prefix,
-            static_prefix_override: self.static_prefix_override,
-            current_paragraph_index: self.current_paragraph_index,
-            next_node_id: self.next_node_id,
-            current_node_id: self.current_node_id,
-            current_node_char_offset: self.current_node_char_offset,
-            current_node_child_count: self.current_node_child_count,
-            utf16_checkpoints: self.utf16_checkpoints,
-            paragraph_ranges: self.paragraph_ranges,
-            current_paragraph_start: self.current_paragraph_start,
-            list_depth: self.list_depth,
-            syntax_spans: self.syntax_spans,
-            next_syn_id: self.next_syn_id,
-            pending_inline_formats: self.pending_inline_formats,
-            ref_collector: self.ref_collector,
-            offset_maps_by_para: self.offset_maps_by_para,
-            syntax_spans_by_para: self.syntax_spans_by_para,
-            refs_by_para: self.refs_by_para,
-            pending_block_attrs: self.pending_block_attrs,
-            active_wrapper: self.active_wrapper,
-            weaver_block_buffer: self.weaver_block_buffer,
-            weaver_block_char_start: self.weaver_block_char_start,
-            footnote_ref_spans: self.footnote_ref_spans,
-            current_footnote_def: self.current_footnote_def,
-            _phantom: std::marker::PhantomData,
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// Add an entry index for wikilink resolution feedback
-    pub fn with_entry_index(mut self, index: &'a EntryIndex) -> Self {
-        self.entry_index = Some(index);
-        self
-    }
-
-    /// Set a prefix for node IDs (typically the paragraph ID).
-    /// This makes node IDs paragraph-scoped and stable across re-renders.
-    /// Use this for single-paragraph renders where the paragraph ID is known.
-    pub fn with_node_id_prefix(mut self, prefix: &str) -> Self {
-        self.node_id_prefix = Some(prefix.to_string());
-        self.next_node_id = 0; // Reset counter since each paragraph is independent
-        self
-    }
-
-    /// Enable auto-incrementing paragraph prefixes for multi-paragraph renders.
-    /// Each paragraph gets prefix "p-{N}" where N starts at `start_id` and increments.
-    /// Node IDs reset to 0 for each paragraph, giving "p-{N}-n0", "p-{N}-n1", etc.
-    pub fn with_auto_incrementing_prefix(mut self, start_id: usize) -> Self {
-        self.auto_increment_prefix = Some(start_id);
-        self.node_id_prefix = Some(format!("p-{}", start_id));
-        self.next_node_id = 0;
-        self
-    }
-
     /// Get the next paragraph ID that would be assigned (for tracking allocations).
     #[allow(dead_code)]
     pub fn next_paragraph_id(&self) -> Option<usize> {
@@ -1139,7 +985,7 @@ impl<'a, I: Iterator<Item = (Event<'a>, Range<usize>)>, E: EmbedContentProvider,
 
                 // Emit space for cursor positioning - this gives the browser somewhere
                 // to place the cursor when navigating to this line
-                self.write(" ")?;
+                self.write("\u{200B}")?;
                 self.current_node_child_count += 1;
 
                 // Map the space to the newline position - cursor landing here means
@@ -1193,7 +1039,7 @@ impl<'a, I: Iterator<Item = (Event<'a>, Range<usize>)>, E: EmbedContentProvider,
                     self.current_node_child_count += 1;
 
                     // After <br>, emit plain zero-width space for cursor positioning
-                    self.write(" ")?;
+                    self.write("\u{200B}")?;
 
                     // Count the zero-width space text node as a child
                     self.current_node_child_count += 1;
@@ -1215,8 +1061,6 @@ impl<'a, I: Iterator<Item = (Event<'a>, Range<usize>)>, E: EmbedContentProvider,
                         self.current_node_char_offset += 1;
                     }
 
-                    // DO NOT increment last_char_offset - zero-width space is not in source
-                    // The \n itself IS in source, so we already accounted for it
                     self.last_char_offset = char_start + spaces_char_len + 1; // +1 for \n
                 } else {
                     // Fallback: just <br>
@@ -1259,49 +1103,27 @@ impl<'a, I: Iterator<Item = (Event<'a>, Range<usize>)>, E: EmbedContentProvider,
                 self.write("<div class=\"toggle-block\"><hr /></div>\n")?;
             }
             FootnoteReference(name) => {
-                // Get/create footnote number
-                let len = self.numbers.len() + 1;
-                let number = *self.numbers.entry(name.to_string()).or_insert(len);
-
-                // Emit the [^name] syntax as a hideable syntax span
+                // Emit [^name] as styled (but NOT hidden) inline span
                 let raw_text = &self.source[range.clone()];
                 let char_start = self.last_char_offset;
                 let syntax_char_len = raw_text.chars().count();
                 let char_end = char_start + syntax_char_len;
-                let syn_id = self.gen_syn_id();
 
+                // Use footnote-ref class for styling, not md-syntax-inline (which hides)
                 write!(
                     &mut self.writer,
-                    "<span class=\"md-syntax-inline\" data-syn-id=\"{}\" data-char-start=\"{}\" data-char-end=\"{}\" spellcheck=\"false\">",
-                    syn_id, char_start, char_end
+                    "<span class=\"footnote-ref\" data-char-start=\"{}\" data-char-end=\"{}\" data-footnote=\"{}\">",
+                    char_start, char_end, name
                 )?;
                 escape_html(&mut self.writer, raw_text)?;
                 self.write("</span>")?;
 
-                // Track this span for linking with the footnote definition later
-                let span_index = self.syntax_spans.len();
-                self.syntax_spans.push(SyntaxSpanInfo {
-                    syn_id,
-                    char_range: char_start..char_end,
-                    syntax_type: SyntaxType::Inline,
-                    formatted_range: None, // Set when we see the definition
-                });
-                self.footnote_ref_spans
-                    .insert(name.to_string(), (span_index, char_start));
-
-                // Record offset mapping for the syntax span content
+                // Record offset mapping
                 self.record_mapping(range.clone(), char_start..char_end);
 
                 // Count as child
                 self.current_node_child_count += 1;
 
-                // Emit the visible footnote reference (superscript number)
-                write!(
-                    &mut self.writer,
-                    "<sup class=\"footnote-reference\"><a href=\"#fn-{}\">{}</a></sup>",
-                    name, number
-                )?;
-
                 // Update tracking
                 self.last_char_offset = char_end;
                 self.last_byte_offset = range.end;
@@ -1349,4 +1171,159 @@ impl<'a, I: Iterator<Item = (Event<'a>, Range<usize>)>, E: EmbedContentProvider,
         }
         Ok(())
     }
+
+    pub fn new_with_all_offsets(
+        source: &'a str,
+        source_text: &'a LoroText,
+        events: I,
+        node_id_offset: usize,
+        syn_id_offset: usize,
+        char_offset_base: usize,
+        byte_offset_base: usize,
+    ) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            source,
+            source_text,
+            events,
+            writer: SegmentedWriter::new(),
+            last_byte_offset: byte_offset_base,
+            last_char_offset: char_offset_base,
+            end_newline: true,
+            in_non_writing_block: false,
+            table_state: TableState::Head,
+            table_alignments: vec![],
+            table_cell_index: 0,
+            numbers: HashMap::new(),
+            embed_provider: None,
+            image_resolver: None,
+            entry_index: None,
+            code_buffer: None,
+            code_buffer_byte_range: None,
+            code_buffer_char_range: None,
+            code_block_char_start: None,
+            code_block_opening_span_idx: None,
+            pending_blockquote_range: None,
+            render_tables_as_markdown: true,
+            table_start_offset: None,
+            offset_maps: Vec::new(),
+            node_id_prefix: None,
+            auto_increment_prefix: None,
+            static_prefix_override: None,
+            current_paragraph_index: 0,
+            next_node_id: node_id_offset,
+            current_node_id: None,
+            current_node_char_offset: 0,
+            current_node_child_count: 0,
+            utf16_checkpoints: vec![(0, 0)],
+            paragraph_ranges: Vec::new(),
+            current_paragraph_start: None,
+            list_depth: 0,
+            in_footnote_def: false,
+            syntax_spans: Vec::new(),
+            next_syn_id: syn_id_offset,
+            pending_inline_formats: Vec::new(),
+            ref_collector: weaver_common::RefCollector::new(),
+            offset_maps_by_para: Vec::new(),
+            syntax_spans_by_para: Vec::new(),
+            refs_by_para: Vec::new(),
+            pending_block_attrs: None,
+            active_wrapper: None,
+            weaver_block_buffer: String::new(),
+            weaver_block_char_start: None,
+            footnote_ref_spans: HashMap::new(),
+            current_footnote_def: None,
+            _phantom: std::marker::PhantomData,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Add an embed content provider
+    pub fn with_embed_provider(mut self, provider: E) -> EditorWriter<'a, I, E, R> {
+        self.embed_provider = Some(provider);
+        self
+    }
+
+    /// Add an image resolver for mapping markdown image URLs to CDN URLs
+    pub fn with_image_resolver<R2: ImageResolver>(
+        self,
+        resolver: R2,
+    ) -> EditorWriter<'a, I, E, R2> {
+        EditorWriter {
+            source: self.source,
+            source_text: self.source_text,
+            events: self.events,
+            writer: self.writer,
+            last_byte_offset: self.last_byte_offset,
+            last_char_offset: self.last_char_offset,
+            end_newline: self.end_newline,
+            in_non_writing_block: self.in_non_writing_block,
+            table_state: self.table_state,
+            table_alignments: self.table_alignments,
+            table_cell_index: self.table_cell_index,
+            numbers: self.numbers,
+            embed_provider: self.embed_provider,
+            image_resolver: Some(resolver),
+            entry_index: self.entry_index,
+            code_buffer: self.code_buffer,
+            code_buffer_byte_range: self.code_buffer_byte_range,
+            code_buffer_char_range: self.code_buffer_char_range,
+            code_block_char_start: self.code_block_char_start,
+            code_block_opening_span_idx: self.code_block_opening_span_idx,
+            pending_blockquote_range: self.pending_blockquote_range,
+            render_tables_as_markdown: self.render_tables_as_markdown,
+            table_start_offset: self.table_start_offset,
+            offset_maps: self.offset_maps,
+            node_id_prefix: self.node_id_prefix,
+            auto_increment_prefix: self.auto_increment_prefix,
+            static_prefix_override: self.static_prefix_override,
+            current_paragraph_index: self.current_paragraph_index,
+            next_node_id: self.next_node_id,
+            current_node_id: self.current_node_id,
+            current_node_char_offset: self.current_node_char_offset,
+            current_node_child_count: self.current_node_child_count,
+            utf16_checkpoints: self.utf16_checkpoints,
+            paragraph_ranges: self.paragraph_ranges,
+            current_paragraph_start: self.current_paragraph_start,
+            list_depth: self.list_depth,
+            in_footnote_def: self.in_footnote_def,
+            syntax_spans: self.syntax_spans,
+            next_syn_id: self.next_syn_id,
+            pending_inline_formats: self.pending_inline_formats,
+            ref_collector: self.ref_collector,
+            offset_maps_by_para: self.offset_maps_by_para,
+            syntax_spans_by_para: self.syntax_spans_by_para,
+            refs_by_para: self.refs_by_para,
+            pending_block_attrs: self.pending_block_attrs,
+            active_wrapper: self.active_wrapper,
+            weaver_block_buffer: self.weaver_block_buffer,
+            weaver_block_char_start: self.weaver_block_char_start,
+            footnote_ref_spans: self.footnote_ref_spans,
+            current_footnote_def: self.current_footnote_def,
+            _phantom: std::marker::PhantomData,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Add an entry index for wikilink resolution feedback
+    pub fn with_entry_index(mut self, index: &'a EntryIndex) -> Self {
+        self.entry_index = Some(index);
+        self
+    }
+
+    /// Set a prefix for node IDs (typically the paragraph ID).
+    /// This makes node IDs paragraph-scoped and stable across re-renders.
+    /// Use this for single-paragraph renders where the paragraph ID is known.
+    pub fn with_node_id_prefix(mut self, prefix: &str) -> Self {
+        self.node_id_prefix = Some(prefix.to_string());
+        self.next_node_id = 0; // Reset counter since each paragraph is independent
+        self
+    }
+
+    /// Enable auto-incrementing paragraph prefixes for multi-paragraph renders.
+    /// Each paragraph gets prefix "p-{N}" where N starts at `start_id` and increments.
+    /// Node IDs reset to 0 for each paragraph, giving "p-{N}-n0", "p-{N}-n1", etc.
+    pub fn with_auto_incrementing_prefix(mut self, start_id: usize) -> Self {
+        self.auto_increment_prefix = Some(start_id);
+        self.node_id_prefix = Some(format!("p-{}", start_id));
+        self.next_node_id = 0;
+        self
+    }
 }
diff --git a/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/writer/tags.rs b/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/writer/tags.rs
index e276992..b5e3612 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/writer/tags.rs
+++ b/crates/weaver-app/src/components/editor/writer/tags.rs
@@ -16,6 +16,19 @@ use crate::components::editor::{
 impl<'a, I: Iterator<Item = (Event<'a>, Range<usize>)>, E: EmbedContentProvider, R: ImageResolver>
     EditorWriter<'a, I, E, R>
 {
+    /// Detect text direction by scanning source from a byte offset.
+    /// Looks for the first strong directional character.
+    /// Returns Some("rtl") for RTL scripts, Some("ltr") for LTR, None if no strong char found.
+    fn detect_paragraph_direction(&self, start_byte: usize) -> Option<&'static str> {
+        if start_byte >= self.source.len() {
+            return None;
+        }
+
+        // Scan from start_byte through the source looking for first strong directional char
+        let text = &self.source[start_byte..];
+        weaver_renderer::utils::detect_text_direction(text)
+    }
+
     pub(crate) fn start_tag(
         &mut self,
         tag: Tag<'_>,
@@ -128,8 +141,8 @@ impl<'a, I: Iterator<Item = (Event<'a>, Range<usize>)>, E: EmbedContentProvider,
             // HTML blocks get their own paragraph to try and corral them better
             Tag::HtmlBlock => {
                 // Record paragraph start for boundary tracking
-                // BUT skip if inside a list - list owns the paragraph boundary
-                if self.list_depth == 0 {
+                // Skip if inside a list or footnote def - they own their paragraph boundary
+                if self.list_depth == 0 && !self.in_footnote_def {
                     self.current_paragraph_start =
                         Some((self.last_byte_offset, self.last_char_offset));
                 }
@@ -170,17 +183,29 @@ impl<'a, I: Iterator<Item = (Event<'a>, Range<usize>)>, E: EmbedContentProvider,
                 self.emit_wrapper_start()?;
 
                 // Record paragraph start for boundary tracking
-                // BUT skip if inside a list - list owns the paragraph boundary
-                if self.list_depth == 0 {
+                // Skip if inside a list or footnote def - they own their paragraph boundary
+                if self.list_depth == 0 && !self.in_footnote_def {
                     self.current_paragraph_start =
                         Some((self.last_byte_offset, self.last_char_offset));
                 }
 
                 let node_id = self.gen_node_id();
+
+                // Detect text direction for this paragraph
+                let dir = self.detect_paragraph_direction(self.last_byte_offset);
+
                 if self.end_newline {
-                    write!(&mut self.writer, "<p id=\"{}\">", node_id)?;
+                    if let Some(dir_value) = dir {
+                        write!(&mut self.writer, "<p id=\"{}\" dir=\"{}\">", node_id, dir_value)?;
+                    } else {
+                        write!(&mut self.writer, "<p id=\"{}\">", node_id)?;
+                    }
                 } else {
-                    write!(&mut self.writer, "\n<p id=\"{}\">", node_id)?;
+                    if let Some(dir_value) = dir {
+                        write!(&mut self.writer, "\n<p id=\"{}\" dir=\"{}\">", node_id, dir_value)?;
+                    } else {
+                        write!(&mut self.writer, "\n<p id=\"{}\">", node_id)?;
+                    }
                 }
                 self.begin_node(node_id.clone());
 
@@ -244,6 +269,9 @@ impl<'a, I: Iterator<Item = (Event<'a>, Range<usize>)>, E: EmbedContentProvider,
                 // Generate node ID for offset tracking
                 let node_id = self.gen_node_id();
 
+                // Detect text direction for this heading
+                let dir = self.detect_paragraph_direction(self.last_byte_offset);
+
                 self.write("<")?;
                 write!(&mut self.writer, "{}", level)?;
 
@@ -267,6 +295,14 @@ impl<'a, I: Iterator<Item = (Event<'a>, Range<usize>)>, E: EmbedContentProvider,
                     }
                     self.write("\"")?;
                 }
+
+                // Add dir attribute if text direction was detected
+                if let Some(dir_value) = dir {
+                    self.write(" dir=\"")?;
+                    self.write(dir_value)?;
+                    self.write("\"")?;
+                }
+
                 for (attr, value) in attrs {
                     self.write(" ")?;
                     escape_html(&mut self.writer, &attr)?;
@@ -868,63 +904,83 @@ impl<'a, I: Iterator<Item = (Event<'a>, Range<usize>)>, E: EmbedContentProvider,
                 Ok(())
             }
             Tag::FootnoteDefinition(name) => {
-                // Emit the [^name]: prefix as a hideable syntax span
-                // The source should have "[^name]: " at the start
-                let prefix = format!("[^{}]: ", name);
-                let char_start = self.last_char_offset;
-                let prefix_char_len = prefix.chars().count();
-                let char_end = char_start + prefix_char_len;
-                let syn_id = self.gen_syn_id();
+                // Track as paragraph-level block for incremental rendering
+                self.current_paragraph_start = Some((self.last_byte_offset, self.last_char_offset));
+                // Suppress inner paragraph boundaries (footnote def owns its paragraph)
+                self.in_footnote_def = true;
 
                 if !self.end_newline {
                     self.write("\n")?;
                 }
 
+                // Generate node ID for cursor tracking
+                let node_id = self.gen_node_id();
+
+                // Emit wrapper div with NEW class (not footnote-definition which has order:9999)
+                // This keeps footnotes in-place instead of reordering to bottom
                 write!(
                     &mut self.writer,
-                    "<span class=\"md-syntax-block\" data-syn-id=\"{}\" data-char-start=\"{}\" data-char-end=\"{}\" spellcheck=\"false\">",
-                    syn_id, char_start, char_end
+                    "<div class=\"footnote-def-editor\" data-node-id=\"{}\">",
+                    node_id
                 )?;
-                escape_html(&mut self.writer, &prefix)?;
-                self.write("</span>")?;
 
-                // Track this span for linking with the footnote reference
-                let def_span_index = self.syntax_spans.len();
-                self.syntax_spans.push(SyntaxSpanInfo {
-                    syn_id,
-                    char_range: char_start..char_end,
-                    syntax_type: SyntaxType::Block,
-                    formatted_range: None, // Set at FootnoteDefinition end
-                });
+                // Begin node tracking BEFORE emitting prefix
+                self.begin_node(node_id.clone());
+
+                // Map the start position (before any content)
+                let fn_start_char = self.last_char_offset;
+                let mapping = OffsetMapping {
+                    byte_range: range.start..range.start,
+                    char_range: fn_start_char..fn_start_char,
+                    node_id,
+                    char_offset_in_node: 0,
+                    child_index: Some(0),
+                    utf16_len: 0,
+                };
+                self.offset_maps.push(mapping);
 
-                // Store the definition info for linking at end
-                self.current_footnote_def = Some((name.to_string(), def_span_index, char_start));
+                // Extract ACTUAL prefix from source (not constructed string)
+                // This ensures byte offsets match reality
+                let raw_text = &self.source[range.clone()];
+                let prefix_end = raw_text
+                    .find("]:")
+                    .map(|p| {
+                        // Include ]: and any single trailing space
+                        let after_colon = p + 2;
+                        if raw_text.get(after_colon..after_colon + 1) == Some(" ") {
+                            after_colon + 1
+                        } else {
+                            after_colon
+                        }
+                    })
+                    .unwrap_or(0);
+                let prefix = &raw_text[..prefix_end];
+                let prefix_byte_len = prefix.len();
+                let prefix_char_len = prefix.chars().count();
+
+                let char_start = self.last_char_offset;
+                let char_end = char_start + prefix_char_len;
 
-                // Record offset mapping for the syntax span
+                write!(
+                    &mut self.writer,
+                    "<span class=\"footnote-def-syntax\" data-char-start=\"{}\" data-char-end=\"{}\">",
+                    char_start, char_end
+                )?;
+                escape_html(&mut self.writer, prefix)?;
+                self.write("</span>")?;
+
+                // Store the definition info (no longer tracking syntax spans for hide/show)
+                self.current_footnote_def = Some((name.to_string(), 0, char_start));
+
+                // Record offset mapping for the prefix
                 self.record_mapping(
-                    range.start..range.start + prefix.len(),
+                    range.start..range.start + prefix_byte_len,
                     char_start..char_end,
                 );
 
                 // Update tracking for the prefix
                 self.last_char_offset = char_end;
-                self.last_byte_offset = range.start + prefix.len();
-
-                // Emit the definition container
-                write!(
-                    &mut self.writer,
-                    "<div class=\"footnote-definition\" id=\"fn-{}\">",
-                    name
-                )?;
-
-                // Get/create footnote number for the label
-                let len = self.numbers.len() + 1;
-                let number = *self.numbers.entry(name.to_string()).or_insert(len);
-                write!(
-                    &mut self.writer,
-                    "<sup class=\"footnote-definition-label\">{}</sup>",
-                    number
-                )?;
+                self.last_byte_offset = range.start + prefix_byte_len;
 
                 Ok(())
             }
@@ -946,8 +1002,8 @@ impl<'a, I: Iterator<Item = (Event<'a>, Range<usize>)>, E: EmbedContentProvider,
         let result = match tag {
             TagEnd::HtmlBlock => {
                 // Capture paragraph boundary info BEFORE writing closing HTML
-                // Skip if inside a list - list owns the paragraph boundary
-                let para_boundary = if self.list_depth == 0 {
+                // Skip if inside a list or footnote def - they own their paragraph boundary
+                let para_boundary = if self.list_depth == 0 && !self.in_footnote_def {
                     self.current_paragraph_start
                         .take()
                         .map(|(byte_start, char_start)| {
@@ -972,8 +1028,8 @@ impl<'a, I: Iterator<Item = (Event<'a>, Range<usize>)>, E: EmbedContentProvider,
             }
             TagEnd::Paragraph(_) => {
                 // Capture paragraph boundary info BEFORE writing closing HTML
-                // Skip if inside a list - list owns the paragraph boundary
-                let para_boundary = if self.list_depth == 0 {
+                // Skip if inside a list or footnote def - they own their paragraph boundary
+                let para_boundary = if self.list_depth == 0 && !self.in_footnote_def {
                     self.current_paragraph_start
                         .take()
                         .map(|(byte_start, char_start)| {
@@ -1418,30 +1474,19 @@ impl<'a, I: Iterator<Item = (Event<'a>, Range<usize>)>, E: EmbedContentProvider,
                 Ok(())
             }
             TagEnd::FootnoteDefinition => {
+                // End node tracking (inner paragraphs may have already cleared it)
+                self.end_node();
                 self.write("</div>\n")?;
 
-                // Link the footnote definition span with its reference span
-                if let Some((name, def_span_index, _def_char_start)) =
-                    self.current_footnote_def.take()
-                {
-                    let def_char_end = self.last_char_offset;
-
-                    // Look up the reference span
-                    if let Some(&(ref_span_index, ref_char_start)) =
-                        self.footnote_ref_spans.get(&name)
-                    {
-                        // Create formatted_range spanning from ref start to def end
-                        let formatted_range = ref_char_start..def_char_end;
-
-                        // Update both spans with the same formatted_range
-                        // so they show/hide together based on cursor proximity
-                        if let Some(ref_span) = self.syntax_spans.get_mut(ref_span_index) {
-                            ref_span.formatted_range = Some(formatted_range.clone());
-                        }
-                        if let Some(def_span) = self.syntax_spans.get_mut(def_span_index) {
-                            def_span.formatted_range = Some(formatted_range);
-                        }
-                    }
+                // Clear footnote tracking
+                self.current_footnote_def.take();
+                self.in_footnote_def = false;
+
+                // Finalize paragraph boundary for incremental rendering
+                if let Some((byte_start, char_start)) = self.current_paragraph_start.take() {
+                    let byte_range = byte_start..self.last_byte_offset;
+                    let char_range = char_start..self.last_char_offset;
+                    self.finalize_paragraph(byte_range, char_range);
                 }
 
                 Ok(())
diff --git a/crates/weaver-app/src/lib.rs b/crates/weaver-app/src/lib.rs
index e71aafe..5ae07ee 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-app/src/lib.rs
+++ b/crates/weaver-app/src/lib.rs
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 //! Weaver App library.
-
 #[allow(unused)]
 use dioxus::{CapturedError, prelude::*};
 
diff --git a/crates/weaver-app/src/main.rs b/crates/weaver-app/src/main.rs
index 5f04798..ff627c0 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-app/src/main.rs
+++ b/crates/weaver-app/src/main.rs
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ fn main() {
         use tracing_subscriber::layer::SubscriberExt;
 
         let console_level = if cfg!(debug_assertions) {
-            Level::DEBUG
+            Level::TRACE
         } else {
             Level::INFO
         };
@@ -41,8 +41,9 @@ fn main() {
         );
 
         // Filter out noisy crates
+        // Use weaver_app=trace for detailed editor debugging
         let filter = EnvFilter::new(
-            "debug,loro_internal=warn,jacquard_identity=info,jacquard_common=info,iroh=info",
+            "debug,weaver_app=trace,loro_internal=warn,jacquard_identity=info,jacquard_common=info,iroh=info",
         );
 
         let reg = Registry::default()
diff --git a/crates/weaver-common/src/agent.rs b/crates/weaver-common/src/agent.rs
index 6ef349c..5383d78 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-common/src/agent.rs
+++ b/crates/weaver-common/src/agent.rs
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ use jacquard::error::ClientError;
 use jacquard::prelude::*;
 use jacquard::smol_str::SmolStr;
 use jacquard::types::blob::{BlobRef, MimeType};
-use jacquard::types::string::{AtUri, Did, RecordKey, Rkey};
+use jacquard::types::string::{AtUri, Datetime, Did, RecordKey, Rkey};
 #[allow(unused_imports)]
 use jacquard::types::tid::Tid;
 use jacquard::types::uri::Uri;
@@ -138,8 +138,9 @@ pub trait WeaverExt: AgentSessionExt + XrpcExt + Send + Sync + Sized {
         async move {
             use weaver_api::sh_weaver::notebook::book::Book;
 
-            let at_uri = AtUri::new(uri)
-                .map_err(|e| WeaverError::InvalidNotebook(format!("Invalid notebook URI: {}", e)))?;
+            let at_uri = AtUri::new(uri).map_err(|e| {
+                WeaverError::InvalidNotebook(format!("Invalid notebook URI: {}", e))
+            })?;
 
             let response = match self.get_record::<Book>(&at_uri).await {
                 Ok(r) => r,
@@ -352,6 +353,7 @@ pub trait WeaverExt: AgentSessionExt + XrpcExt + Send + Sync + Sized {
                                 e.content = entry.content.clone();
                                 e.embeds = entry.embeds.clone();
                                 e.tags = entry.tags.clone();
+                                e.updated_at = Some(Datetime::now());
                             })
                             .await?;
                         let updated_ref = StrongRef::new()
diff --git a/crates/weaver-index/src/clickhouse/queries/edit.rs b/crates/weaver-index/src/clickhouse/queries/edit.rs
index 51f4305..42ff8a9 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-index/src/clickhouse/queries/edit.rs
+++ b/crates/weaver-index/src/clickhouse/queries/edit.rs
@@ -208,19 +208,22 @@ impl Client {
     ///
     /// Compares edit_heads to draft_titles to find drafts where the current
     /// head doesn't match the head used for title extraction.
-    pub async fn get_stale_draft_titles(&self, limit: i64) -> Result<Vec<StaleDraftRow>, IndexError> {
+    pub async fn get_stale_draft_titles(
+        &self,
+        limit: i64,
+    ) -> Result<Vec<StaleDraftRow>, IndexError> {
         // Join drafts -> edit_heads (for current head) -> draft_titles (to check staleness)
         // edit_heads uses resource_type='draft' and resource_did/resource_rkey to link
         let query = r#"
             SELECT
-                d.did,
-                d.rkey,
-                h.head_did,
-                h.head_rkey,
-                h.head_cid,
-                h.root_did,
-                h.root_rkey,
-                h.root_cid
+                d.did as did,
+                d.rkey as rkey,
+                h.head_did as head_did,
+                h.head_rkey as head_rkey,
+                h.head_cid as head_cid,
+                h.root_did as root_did,
+                h.root_rkey as root_rkey,
+                h.root_cid as root_cid
             FROM drafts d FINAL
             INNER JOIN edit_heads h FINAL
                 ON h.resource_did = d.did
diff --git a/crates/weaver-renderer/Cargo.toml b/crates/weaver-renderer/Cargo.toml
index a640bfe..bc18dd7 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-renderer/Cargo.toml
+++ b/crates/weaver-renderer/Cargo.toml
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ thiserror.workspace = true
 tracing.workspace = true
 miette.workspace = true
 unicode-normalization = "0.1.24"
+unicode-bidi = "0.3"
 yaml-rust2 = { version = "0.10.2" }
 bitflags = "2.9.1"
 dashmap = "6.1.0"
diff --git a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__blockquote_rendering.snap b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__blockquote_rendering.snap
index 0a1cc16..6ed18f4 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__blockquote_rendering.snap
+++ b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__blockquote_rendering.snap
@@ -3,6 +3,6 @@ source: crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/tests.rs
 expression: output
 ---
 <blockquote>
-<p>This is a quote</p>
-<p>With multiple lines</p>
+<p dir="ltr">This is a quote</p>
+<p dir="ltr">With multiple lines</p>
 </blockquote>
diff --git a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__footnote_in_blockquote.snap b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__footnote_in_blockquote.snap
index 2dcdbc3..8d932c4 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__footnote_in_blockquote.snap
+++ b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__footnote_in_blockquote.snap
@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@ source: crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/tests.rs
 expression: output
 ---
 <blockquote>
-<p>Quote with footnote<sup class="footnote-reference"><a href="#q">1</a></sup>.</p>
+<p dir="ltr">Quote with footnote<sup class="footnote-reference"><a href="#q">1</a></sup>.</p>
 </blockquote>
 <div class="footnote-definition" id="q"><sup class="footnote-definition-label">1</sup>
-<p>Footnote for quote.</p>
+<p dir="ltr">Footnote for quote.</p>
 </div>
diff --git a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__footnote_multiple.snap b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__footnote_multiple.snap
index 53fbfde..fb6a47e 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__footnote_multiple.snap
+++ b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__footnote_multiple.snap
@@ -2,10 +2,10 @@
 source: crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/tests.rs
 expression: output
 ---
-<p>First<sup class="footnote-reference"><a href="#1">1</a></sup> and second<sup class="footnote-reference"><a href="#2">2</a></sup> footnotes.</p>
+<p dir="ltr">First<sup class="footnote-reference"><a href="#1">1</a></sup> and second<sup class="footnote-reference"><a href="#2">2</a></sup> footnotes.</p>
 <div class="footnote-definition" id="1"><sup class="footnote-definition-label">1</sup>
-<p>First note.</p>
+<p dir="ltr">First note.</p>
 </div>
 <div class="footnote-definition" id="2"><sup class="footnote-definition-label">2</sup>
-<p>Second note.</p>
+<p dir="ltr">Second note.</p>
 </div>
diff --git a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__footnote_named.snap b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__footnote_named.snap
index ef52693..ac036ea 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__footnote_named.snap
+++ b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__footnote_named.snap
@@ -2,4 +2,4 @@
 source: crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/tests.rs
 expression: output
 ---
-<p>Reference<label for="sn-1" class="margin-toggle sidenote-number"></label><input type="checkbox" id="sn-1" class="margin-toggle"/><span class="sidenote">Named footnote content.</span>.</p>
+<p dir="ltr">Reference<label for="sn-1" class="sidenote-number"></label><input type="checkbox" id="sn-1" class="margin-toggle"/><span class="sidenote">Named footnote content.</span>.</p>
diff --git a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__footnote_sidenote_inline.snap b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__footnote_sidenote_inline.snap
index 31a6c38..1831c07 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__footnote_sidenote_inline.snap
+++ b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__footnote_sidenote_inline.snap
@@ -2,4 +2,4 @@
 source: crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/tests.rs
 expression: output
 ---
-<p>Here is text<label for="sn-1" class="margin-toggle sidenote-number"></label><input type="checkbox" id="sn-1" class="margin-toggle"/><span class="sidenote">Sidenote content.</span></p>
+<p dir="ltr">Here is text<label for="sn-1" class="sidenote-number"></label><input type="checkbox" id="sn-1" class="margin-toggle"/><span class="sidenote">Sidenote content.</span></p>
diff --git a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__footnote_traditional.snap b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__footnote_traditional.snap
index 065ecd0..866e5e4 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__footnote_traditional.snap
+++ b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__footnote_traditional.snap
@@ -2,4 +2,4 @@
 source: crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/tests.rs
 expression: output
 ---
-<p>Here is some text<label for="sn-1" class="margin-toggle sidenote-number"></label><input type="checkbox" id="sn-1" class="margin-toggle"/><span class="sidenote">This is the footnote definition.</span>.</p>
+<p dir="ltr">Here is some text<label for="sn-1" class="sidenote-number"></label><input type="checkbox" id="sn-1" class="margin-toggle"/><span class="sidenote">This is the footnote definition.</span>.</p>
diff --git a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__footnote_with_inline_formatting.snap b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__footnote_with_inline_formatting.snap
index 8927fdd..93a0350 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__footnote_with_inline_formatting.snap
+++ b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__footnote_with_inline_formatting.snap
@@ -2,4 +2,4 @@
 source: crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/tests.rs
 expression: output
 ---
-<p>Text with footnote<label for="sn-1" class="margin-toggle sidenote-number"></label><input type="checkbox" id="sn-1" class="margin-toggle"/><span class="sidenote">Note with <strong>bold</strong> and <em>italic</em>.</span>.</p>
+<p dir="ltr">Text with footnote<label for="sn-1" class="sidenote-number"></label><input type="checkbox" id="sn-1" class="margin-toggle"/><span class="sidenote">Note with <strong>bold</strong> and <em>italic</em>.</span>.</p>
diff --git a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__math_rendering.snap b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__math_rendering.snap
index 197b391..7fbfa54 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__math_rendering.snap
+++ b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__math_rendering.snap
@@ -2,5 +2,5 @@
 source: crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/tests.rs
 expression: output
 ---
-<p>Inline <span class="math math-inline"><math display="inline"><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></math></span> and display:</p>
-<p><span class="math math-display"><math display="block"><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>m</mi><mi>x</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>b</mi></math></span></p>
+<p dir="ltr">Inline <span class="math math-inline"><math display="inline"><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></math></span> and display:</p>
+<span class="math math-display"><math display="block"><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>m</mi><mi>x</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>b</mi></math></span><p></p>
diff --git a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__paragraph_rendering.snap b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__paragraph_rendering.snap
index 8456f79..a61c75d 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__paragraph_rendering.snap
+++ b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__paragraph_rendering.snap
@@ -2,5 +2,5 @@
 source: crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/tests.rs
 expression: output
 ---
-<p>This is a paragraph.</p>
-<p>This is another paragraph.</p>
+<p dir="ltr">This is a paragraph.</p>
+<p dir="ltr">This is another paragraph.</p>
diff --git a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__weaver_block_aside_class.snap b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__weaver_block_aside_class.snap
index 8cf8940..db639f9 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__weaver_block_aside_class.snap
+++ b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__weaver_block_aside_class.snap
@@ -3,5 +3,5 @@ source: crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/tests.rs
 expression: output
 ---
 <aside>
-<p>This paragraph should be in an aside.</p>
+<p dir="ltr">This paragraph should be in an aside.</p>
 </aside>
diff --git a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__weaver_block_before_blockquote.snap b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__weaver_block_before_blockquote.snap
index 67fef45..fb54e41 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__weaver_block_before_blockquote.snap
+++ b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__weaver_block_before_blockquote.snap
@@ -4,6 +4,6 @@ expression: output
 ---
 <aside>
 <blockquote>
-<p>This blockquote is in an aside.</p>
+<p dir="ltr">This blockquote is in an aside.</p>
 </aside>
 </blockquote>
diff --git a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__weaver_block_before_heading.snap b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__weaver_block_before_heading.snap
index 82a6b05..3de71a8 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__weaver_block_before_heading.snap
+++ b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__weaver_block_before_heading.snap
@@ -4,5 +4,5 @@ expression: output
 ---
 <aside>
 <h2>Heading in aside</h2>
-<p>Paragraph also in aside.</p>
+<p dir="ltr">Paragraph also in aside.</p>
 </aside>
diff --git a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__weaver_block_custom_attributes.snap b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__weaver_block_custom_attributes.snap
index 01c66ac..68aee1c 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__weaver_block_custom_attributes.snap
+++ b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__weaver_block_custom_attributes.snap
@@ -3,5 +3,5 @@ source: crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/tests.rs
 expression: output
 ---
 <div class="foo" width="300px" data-test="value">
-<p>Paragraph with class and attributes.</p>
+<p dir="ltr">Paragraph with class and attributes.</p>
 </div>
diff --git a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__weaver_block_custom_class.snap b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__weaver_block_custom_class.snap
index 788a977..3fe1600 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__weaver_block_custom_class.snap
+++ b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__weaver_block_custom_class.snap
@@ -3,5 +3,5 @@ source: crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/tests.rs
 expression: output
 ---
 <div class="highlight">
-<p>This paragraph has a custom class.</p>
+<p dir="ltr">This paragraph has a custom class.</p>
 </div>
diff --git a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__weaver_block_multiple_classes.snap b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__weaver_block_multiple_classes.snap
index 8f6e724..a30f8af 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__weaver_block_multiple_classes.snap
+++ b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__weaver_block_multiple_classes.snap
@@ -3,5 +3,5 @@ source: crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/tests.rs
 expression: output
 ---
 <aside class="highlight important">
-<p>Multiple classes applied.</p>
+<p dir="ltr">Multiple classes applied.</p>
 </aside>
diff --git a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__weaver_block_no_effect_on_following.snap b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__weaver_block_no_effect_on_following.snap
index 7c6dc0b..e280ad7 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__weaver_block_no_effect_on_following.snap
+++ b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__weaver_block_no_effect_on_following.snap
@@ -3,6 +3,6 @@ source: crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/tests.rs
 expression: output
 ---
 <aside>
-<p>First paragraph in aside.</p>
+<p dir="ltr">First paragraph in aside.</p>
 </aside>
-<p>Second paragraph NOT in aside.</p>
+<p dir="ltr">Second paragraph NOT in aside.</p>
diff --git a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__weaver_block_with_footnote.snap b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__weaver_block_with_footnote.snap
index c0c1304..997afe7 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__weaver_block_with_footnote.snap
+++ b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/snapshots/weaver_renderer__atproto__tests__weaver_block_with_footnote.snap
@@ -3,5 +3,5 @@ source: crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/tests.rs
 expression: output
 ---
 <aside>
-<p>Aside with a footnote<label for="sn-1" class="margin-toggle sidenote-number"></label><input type="checkbox" id="sn-1" class="margin-toggle"/><span class="sidenote">Footnote in aside context.</span>.</p>
+<p dir="ltr">Aside with a footnote<label for="sn-1" class="sidenote-number"></label><input type="checkbox" id="sn-1" class="margin-toggle"/><span class="sidenote">Footnote in aside context.</span>.</p>
 </aside>
diff --git a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/writer.rs b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/writer.rs
index 9416810..5601488 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/writer.rs
+++ b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/atproto/writer.rs
@@ -92,6 +92,8 @@ pub struct ClientWriter<'a, I: Iterator<Item = Event<'a>>, W: StrWrite, E = ()>
     in_sidenote: bool,
     /// Whether we're deferring paragraph close for sidenote handling
     defer_paragraph_close: bool,
+    /// Buffered paragraph opening tag (without closing `>`) for dir attribute emission
+    pending_paragraph_open: Option<String>,
 
     _phantom: std::marker::PhantomData<&'a ()>,
 }
@@ -126,6 +128,7 @@ impl<'a, I: Iterator<Item = Event<'a>>, W: StrWrite> ClientWriter<'a, I, W> {
             pending_footnote_content: self.pending_footnote_content,
             in_sidenote: self.in_sidenote,
             defer_paragraph_close: self.defer_paragraph_close,
+            pending_paragraph_open: self.pending_paragraph_open,
             _phantom: std::marker::PhantomData,
         }
     }
@@ -153,6 +156,7 @@ impl<'a, I: Iterator<Item = Event<'a>>, W: StrWrite, E: EmbedContentProvider>
             pending_footnote_content: String::new(),
             in_sidenote: false,
             defer_paragraph_close: false,
+            pending_paragraph_open: None,
             _phantom: std::marker::PhantomData,
         }
     }
@@ -191,6 +195,11 @@ impl<'a, I: Iterator<Item = Event<'a>>, W: StrWrite, E: EmbedContentProvider>
     /// Close deferred paragraph if we're in that state.
     /// Called when a non-paragraph block element starts.
     fn close_deferred_paragraph(&mut self) -> Result<(), W::Error> {
+        // Also flush any pending paragraph open (shouldn't happen in normal flow, but be defensive)
+        if let Some(opening) = self.pending_paragraph_open.take() {
+            self.write(&opening)?;
+            self.write(">")?;
+        }
         if self.defer_paragraph_close {
             // Flush pending footnote as traditional before closing
             self.flush_pending_footnote()?;
@@ -397,6 +406,18 @@ impl<'a, I: Iterator<Item = Event<'a>>, W: StrWrite, E: EmbedContentProvider>
                     // Buffer text while waiting to see if footnote def follows
                     self.pending_footnote_content.push_str(&text);
                 } else if !self.in_non_writing_block {
+                    // Flush pending paragraph with dir attribute if needed
+                    if let Some(opening) = self.pending_paragraph_open.take() {
+                        if let Some(dir) = crate::utils::detect_text_direction(&text) {
+                            self.write(&opening)?;
+                            self.write(" dir=\"")?;
+                            self.write(dir)?;
+                            self.write("\">")?;
+                        } else {
+                            self.write(&opening)?;
+                            self.write(">")?;
+                        }
+                    }
                     escape_html_body_text(&mut self.writer, &text)?;
                     self.end_newline = text.ends_with('\n');
                 }
@@ -495,11 +516,14 @@ impl<'a, I: Iterator<Item = Event<'a>>, W: StrWrite, E: EmbedContentProvider>
                 } else {
                     self.flush_pending_footnote()?;
                     self.emit_wrapper_start()?;
-                    if self.end_newline {
-                        self.write("<p>")
+                    // Buffer paragraph opening for dir attribute detection
+                    let opening = if self.end_newline {
+                        String::from("<p")
                     } else {
-                        self.write("\n<p>")
-                    }
+                        String::from("\n<p")
+                    };
+                    self.pending_paragraph_open = Some(opening);
+                    Ok(())
                 }
             }
             Tag::Heading {
@@ -857,6 +881,11 @@ impl<'a, I: Iterator<Item = Event<'a>>, W: StrWrite, E: EmbedContentProvider>
                     self.defer_paragraph_close = false;
                     Ok(())
                 } else {
+                    // Flush any pending paragraph open (for empty paragraphs)
+                    if let Some(opening) = self.pending_paragraph_open.take() {
+                        self.write(&opening)?;
+                        self.write(">")?;
+                    }
                     self.write("</p>\n")?;
                     self.close_wrapper()
                 }
diff --git a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/base_html.rs b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/base_html.rs
index cd69d53..3e7b21f 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/base_html.rs
+++ b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/base_html.rs
@@ -38,6 +38,8 @@ struct HtmlWriter<'a, I, W> {
     table_alignments: Vec<Alignment>,
     table_cell_index: usize,
     numbers: HashMap<CowStr<'a>, usize>,
+    /// Buffered paragraph opening tag (without closing `>`) for dir attribute emission
+    pending_paragraph_open: Option<String>,
 }
 
 impl<'a, I, W> HtmlWriter<'a, I, W>
@@ -55,6 +57,7 @@ where
             table_alignments: vec![],
             table_cell_index: 0,
             numbers: HashMap::new(),
+            pending_paragraph_open: None,
         }
     }
 
@@ -87,6 +90,18 @@ where
                 }
                 Text(text) => {
                     if !self.in_non_writing_block {
+                        // Flush pending paragraph with dir attribute if needed
+                        if let Some(opening) = self.pending_paragraph_open.take() {
+                            if let Some(dir) = crate::utils::detect_text_direction(&text) {
+                                self.write(&opening)?;
+                                self.write(" dir=\"")?;
+                                self.write(dir)?;
+                                self.write("\">")?;
+                            } else {
+                                self.write(&opening)?;
+                                self.write(">")?;
+                            }
+                        }
                         escape_html_body_text(&mut self.writer, &text)?;
                         self.end_newline = text.ends_with('\n');
                     }
@@ -158,11 +173,14 @@ where
         match tag {
             Tag::HtmlBlock => Ok(()),
             Tag::Paragraph(_) => {
-                if self.end_newline {
-                    self.write("<p>")
+                // Buffer paragraph opening for dir attribute detection
+                let opening = if self.end_newline {
+                    String::from("<p")
                 } else {
-                    self.write("\n<p>")
-                }
+                    String::from("\n<p")
+                };
+                self.pending_paragraph_open = Some(opening);
+                Ok(())
             }
             Tag::Heading {
                 level,
@@ -458,6 +476,11 @@ where
         match tag {
             TagEnd::HtmlBlock => {}
             TagEnd::Paragraph(_) => {
+                // Flush any pending paragraph open (for empty paragraphs)
+                if let Some(opening) = self.pending_paragraph_open.take() {
+                    self.write(&opening)?;
+                    self.write(">")?;
+                }
                 self.write("</p>\n")?;
             }
             TagEnd::Heading(level) => {
diff --git a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/css.rs b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/css.rs
index 1d7d78a..a2e9a60 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/css.rs
+++ b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/css.rs
@@ -132,8 +132,8 @@ html {{
 /* When sidenotes exist, body padding creates the gutter */
 /* Left padding shrinks first as viewport narrows, right stays for sidenotes */
 body:has(.sidenote) {{
-    padding-left: clamp(0rem, calc((100vw - 95ch - 15.5rem - 2rem) / 2), 15.5rem);
-    padding-right: 15.5rem;
+    padding-inline-start: clamp(0rem, calc((100vw - 95ch - 15.5rem - 2rem) / 2), 15.5rem);
+    padding-inline-end: 15.5rem;
 }}
 
 /* Typography */
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ a {{
 
 /* Lists */
 ul, ol {{
-    margin-left: 1rem;
+    margin-inline-start: 1rem;
     margin-bottom: 1rem;
 }}
 
@@ -250,10 +250,10 @@ pre code {{
 
 /* Blockquotes */
 blockquote {{
-    border-left: 2px solid var(--color-secondary);
+    border-inline-start: 2px solid var(--color-secondary);
     background: var(--color-surface);
-    padding-left: 1rem;
-    padding-right: 1rem;
+    padding-inline-start: 1rem;
+    padding-inline-end: 1rem;
     padding-top: 0.5rem;
     padding-bottom: 0.04rem;
     margin: 1rem 0;
@@ -276,7 +276,7 @@ table {{
 th, td {{
     border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
     padding: 0.5rem;
-    text-align: left;
+    text-align: start;
 }}
 
 th {{
@@ -318,21 +318,21 @@ tr:hover {{
 
 .footnote-definition-label {{
     font-weight: 600;
-    margin-right: 0.5rem;
+    margin-inline-end: 0.5rem;
     color: var(--color-primary);
 }}
 
 /* Aside blocks (via WeaverBlock prefix) - scoped to notebook content */
 .notebook-content aside,
 .notebook-content .aside {{
-    float: left;
+    float: inline-start;
     width: 40%;
     margin: 0 1.5rem 1rem 0;
     padding: 1rem;
     background: var(--color-surface);
-    border-right: 3px solid var(--color-primary);
+    border-inline-end: 3px solid var(--color-primary);
     font-size: 0.9em;
-    clear: left;
+    clear: inline-start;
 }}
 
 .notebook-content aside > *:first-child,
@@ -348,7 +348,7 @@ tr:hover {{
 /* Reset blockquote styling inside asides */
 .notebook-content aside > blockquote,
 .notebook-content .aside > blockquote {{
-    border-left: none;
+    border-inline-start: none;
     background: transparent;
     padding: 0;
     margin: 0;
@@ -356,9 +356,9 @@ tr:hover {{
 }}
 
 /* Indent utilities */
-.indent-1 {{ margin-left: 1em; }}
-.indent-2 {{ margin-left: 2em; }}
-.indent-3 {{ margin-left: 3em; }}
+.indent-1 {{ margin-inline-start: 1em; }}
+.indent-2 {{ margin-inline-start: 2em; }}
+.indent-3 {{ margin-inline-start: 3em; }}
 
 /* Tufte-style Sidenotes */
 /* Hide checkbox for sidenote toggle */
@@ -377,14 +377,14 @@ tr:hover {{
     position: relative;
     top: -0.5em;
     color: var(--color-primary);
-    padding-left: 0.1em;
+    padding-inline-start: 0.1em;
 }}
 
 /* Sidenote content (margin notes on wide screens) */
 .sidenote {{
-    float: right;
-    clear: right;
-    margin-right: -15.5rem;
+    float: inline-end;
+    clear: inline-end;
+    margin-inline-end: -15.5rem;
     width: 14rem;
     margin-top: 0.3rem;
     margin-bottom: 1rem;
@@ -402,7 +402,7 @@ tr:hover {{
 @media (max-width: 900px) {{
     /* Reset sidenote gutter on mobile */
     body:has(.sidenote) {{
-        padding-right: 0;
+        padding-inline-end: 0;
     }}
 
     aside, .aside {{
@@ -422,7 +422,7 @@ tr:hover {{
         margin: 0.5rem 2.5%;
         padding: 0.5rem;
         background: var(--color-surface);
-        border-left: 2px solid var(--color-primary);
+        border-inline-start: 2px solid var(--color-primary);
     }}
 
     label.sidenote-number {{
@@ -460,19 +460,19 @@ img {{
     margin: 1rem 0;
     padding: 1rem;
     background: var(--color-surface);
-    border-left: 2px solid var(--color-secondary);
+    border-inline-start: 2px solid var(--color-secondary);
     box-shadow: 0 1px 2px color-mix(in srgb, var(--color-text) 8%, transparent);
 }}
 
 .atproto-embed:hover {{
-    border-left-color: var(--color-primary);
+    border-inline-start-color: var(--color-primary);
 }}
 
 @media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {{
     .atproto-embed {{
         box-shadow: none;
         border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
-        border-left: 2px solid var(--color-secondary);
+        border-inline-start: 2px solid var(--color-secondary);
     }}
 }}
 
@@ -649,8 +649,8 @@ a.embed-author-name:hover {{
 }}
 
 .embed-external:hover {{
-    border-left: 2px solid var(--color-primary);
-    margin-left: -1px;
+    border-inline-start: 2px solid var(--color-primary);
+    margin-inline-start: -1px;
 }}
 
 @media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {{
@@ -659,8 +659,8 @@ a.embed-author-name:hover {{
     }}
 
     .embed-external:hover {{
-        border-left: 2px solid var(--color-primary);
-        margin-left: -1px;
+        border-inline-start: 2px solid var(--color-primary);
+        margin-inline-start: -1px;
     }}
 }}
 
@@ -746,13 +746,13 @@ a.embed-author-name:hover {{
     margin-top: 0.5rem;
     padding: 0.75rem;
     background: var(--color-overlay);
-    border-left: 2px solid var(--color-tertiary);
+    border-inline-start: 2px solid var(--color-tertiary);
 }}
 
 @media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {{
     .embed-quote {{
         border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
-        border-left: 2px solid var(--color-tertiary);
+        border-inline-start: 2px solid var(--color-tertiary);
     }}
 }}
 
@@ -783,7 +783,7 @@ a.embed-author-name:hover {{
     display: block;
     padding: 1rem;
     background: var(--color-overlay);
-    border-left: 2px solid var(--color-border);
+    border-inline-start: 2px solid var(--color-border);
     color: var(--color-muted);
     font-style: italic;
     margin-top: 0.5rem;
@@ -807,7 +807,7 @@ a.embed-author-name:hover {{
     margin-top: 0.5rem;
     padding: 0.75rem;
     background: var(--color-overlay);
-    border-left: 2px solid var(--color-tertiary);
+    border-inline-start: 2px solid var(--color-tertiary);
 }}
 
 .embed-record-card > .embed-author-name {{
@@ -850,9 +850,9 @@ a.embed-author-name:hover {{
 .embed-fields .embed-fields {{
     display: block;
     margin-top: 0.5rem;
-    margin-left: 1rem;
-    padding-left: 0.5rem;
-    border-left: 1px solid var(--color-border);
+    margin-inline-start: 1rem;
+    padding-inline-start: 0.5rem;
+    border-inline-start: 1px solid var(--color-border);
 }}
 
 /* Type label inside fields should be block with spacing */
@@ -967,19 +967,19 @@ a.embed-author-name:hover {{
     padding: 0;
     background: var(--color-surface);
     border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
-    border-left: 1px solid var(--color-border);
+    border-inline-start: 1px solid var(--color-border);
     box-shadow: none;
     overflow: hidden;
 }}
 
 .atproto-entry:hover {{
-    border-left-color: var(--color-border);
+    border-inline-start-color: var(--color-border);
 }}
 
 @media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {{
     .atproto-entry {{
         border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
-        border-left: 1px solid var(--color-border);
+        border-inline-start: 1px solid var(--color-border);
     }}
 }}
 
@@ -1075,8 +1075,8 @@ hr {{
     h3 {{ font-size: 1.2rem; }}
 
     blockquote {{
-        margin-left: 0;
-        margin-right: 0;
+        margin-inline-start: 0;
+        margin-inline-end: 0;
     }}
 }}
 
@@ -1091,8 +1091,8 @@ hr {{
     h3 {{ font-size: 1.1rem; }}
 
     blockquote {{
-        padding-left: 0.75rem;
-        padding-right: 0.75rem;
+        padding-inline-start: 0.75rem;
+        padding-inline-end: 0.75rem;
     }}
 }}
 "#,
diff --git a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__blockquote_rendering.snap b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__blockquote_rendering.snap
index 58ce43b..d49259e 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__blockquote_rendering.snap
+++ b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__blockquote_rendering.snap
@@ -3,6 +3,6 @@ source: crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/tests.rs
 expression: output
 ---
 <blockquote>
-<p>This is a quote</p>
-<p>With multiple lines</p>
+<p dir="ltr">This is a quote</p>
+<p dir="ltr">With multiple lines</p>
 </blockquote>
diff --git a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__footnote_in_blockquote.snap b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__footnote_in_blockquote.snap
index 96cda3a..ce94c32 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__footnote_in_blockquote.snap
+++ b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__footnote_in_blockquote.snap
@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@ source: crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/tests.rs
 expression: output
 ---
 <blockquote>
-<p>Quote with footnote<sup class="footnote-reference"><a href="#q">1</a></sup>.</p>
+<p dir="ltr">Quote with footnote<sup class="footnote-reference"><a href="#q">1</a></sup>.</p>
 </blockquote>
 <div class="footnote-definition" id="q"><sup class="footnote-definition-label">1</sup>
-<p>Footnote for quote.</p>
+<p dir="ltr">Footnote for quote.</p>
 </div>
diff --git a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__footnote_multiple.snap b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__footnote_multiple.snap
index 6b03363..0b472cc 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__footnote_multiple.snap
+++ b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__footnote_multiple.snap
@@ -2,10 +2,10 @@
 source: crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/tests.rs
 expression: output
 ---
-<p>First<sup class="footnote-reference"><a href="#1">1</a></sup> and second<sup class="footnote-reference"><a href="#2">2</a></sup> footnotes.</p>
+<p dir="ltr">First<sup class="footnote-reference"><a href="#1">1</a></sup> and second<sup class="footnote-reference"><a href="#2">2</a></sup> footnotes.</p>
 <div class="footnote-definition" id="1"><sup class="footnote-definition-label">1</sup>
-<p>First note.</p>
+<p dir="ltr">First note.</p>
 </div>
 <div class="footnote-definition" id="2"><sup class="footnote-definition-label">2</sup>
-<p>Second note.</p>
+<p dir="ltr">Second note.</p>
 </div>
diff --git a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__footnote_named.snap b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__footnote_named.snap
index f67c188..fc98004 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__footnote_named.snap
+++ b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__footnote_named.snap
@@ -2,4 +2,4 @@
 source: crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/tests.rs
 expression: output
 ---
-<p>Reference<label for="sn-1" class="margin-toggle sidenote-number"></label><input type="checkbox" id="sn-1" class="margin-toggle"/><span class="sidenote">Named footnote content.</span>.</p>
+<p dir="ltr">Reference<label for="sn-1" class="sidenote-number"></label><input type="checkbox" id="sn-1" class="margin-toggle"/><span class="sidenote">Named footnote content.</span>.</p>
diff --git a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__footnote_sidenote_inline.snap b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__footnote_sidenote_inline.snap
index 380ccc3..4f7a61d 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__footnote_sidenote_inline.snap
+++ b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__footnote_sidenote_inline.snap
@@ -2,4 +2,4 @@
 source: crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/tests.rs
 expression: output
 ---
-<p>Here is text<label for="sn-1" class="margin-toggle sidenote-number"></label><input type="checkbox" id="sn-1" class="margin-toggle"/><span class="sidenote">Sidenote content.</span></p>
+<p dir="ltr">Here is text<label for="sn-1" class="sidenote-number"></label><input type="checkbox" id="sn-1" class="margin-toggle"/><span class="sidenote">Sidenote content.</span></p>
diff --git a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__footnote_traditional.snap b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__footnote_traditional.snap
index d532ab7..98dcfad 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__footnote_traditional.snap
+++ b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__footnote_traditional.snap
@@ -2,4 +2,4 @@
 source: crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/tests.rs
 expression: output
 ---
-<p>Here is some text<label for="sn-1" class="margin-toggle sidenote-number"></label><input type="checkbox" id="sn-1" class="margin-toggle"/><span class="sidenote">This is the footnote definition.</span>.</p>
+<p dir="ltr">Here is some text<label for="sn-1" class="sidenote-number"></label><input type="checkbox" id="sn-1" class="margin-toggle"/><span class="sidenote">This is the footnote definition.</span>.</p>
diff --git a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__footnote_with_inline_formatting.snap b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__footnote_with_inline_formatting.snap
index 364221e..b41fc57 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__footnote_with_inline_formatting.snap
+++ b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__footnote_with_inline_formatting.snap
@@ -2,4 +2,4 @@
 source: crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/tests.rs
 expression: output
 ---
-<p>Text with footnote<label for="sn-1" class="margin-toggle sidenote-number"></label><input type="checkbox" id="sn-1" class="margin-toggle"/><span class="sidenote">Note with <strong>bold</strong> and <em>italic</em>.</span>.</p>
+<p dir="ltr">Text with footnote<label for="sn-1" class="sidenote-number"></label><input type="checkbox" id="sn-1" class="margin-toggle"/><span class="sidenote">Note with <strong>bold</strong> and <em>italic</em>.</span>.</p>
diff --git a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__math_rendering.snap b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__math_rendering.snap
index 1e00b16..e1f7ebb 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__math_rendering.snap
+++ b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__math_rendering.snap
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 source: crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/tests.rs
 expression: output
 ---
-<p>Inline <span class="math math-inline">x^2</span> and display:</p>
-<p><span class="math math-display">
+<p dir="ltr">Inline <span class="math math-inline">x^2</span> and display:</p>
+<span class="math math-display">
 y = mx + b
-</span></p>
+</span><p></p>
diff --git a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__paragraph_rendering.snap b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__paragraph_rendering.snap
index e328e38..e61db04 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__paragraph_rendering.snap
+++ b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__paragraph_rendering.snap
@@ -2,5 +2,5 @@
 source: crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/tests.rs
 expression: output
 ---
-<p>This is a paragraph.</p>
-<p>This is another paragraph.</p>
+<p dir="ltr">This is a paragraph.</p>
+<p dir="ltr">This is another paragraph.</p>
diff --git a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__weaver_block_aside_class.snap b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__weaver_block_aside_class.snap
index 8ee3c60..166d7d3 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__weaver_block_aside_class.snap
+++ b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__weaver_block_aside_class.snap
@@ -3,5 +3,5 @@ source: crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/tests.rs
 expression: output
 ---
 <aside>
-<p>This paragraph should be in an aside.</p>
+<p dir="ltr">This paragraph should be in an aside.</p>
 </aside>
diff --git a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__weaver_block_before_blockquote.snap b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__weaver_block_before_blockquote.snap
index b90b0e0..e855698 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__weaver_block_before_blockquote.snap
+++ b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__weaver_block_before_blockquote.snap
@@ -4,6 +4,6 @@ expression: output
 ---
 <aside>
 <blockquote>
-<p>This blockquote is in an aside.</p>
+<p dir="ltr">This blockquote is in an aside.</p>
 </blockquote>
 </aside>
diff --git a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__weaver_block_before_heading.snap b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__weaver_block_before_heading.snap
index b54b571..153d3ed 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__weaver_block_before_heading.snap
+++ b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__weaver_block_before_heading.snap
@@ -4,5 +4,5 @@ expression: output
 ---
 <aside>
 <h2>Heading in aside</h2>
-<p>Paragraph also in aside.</p>
+<p dir="ltr">Paragraph also in aside.</p>
 </aside>
diff --git a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__weaver_block_custom_attributes.snap b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__weaver_block_custom_attributes.snap
index eadfe47..a938fa7 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__weaver_block_custom_attributes.snap
+++ b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__weaver_block_custom_attributes.snap
@@ -3,5 +3,5 @@ source: crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/tests.rs
 expression: output
 ---
 <div class="foo" width="300px" data-test="value">
-<p>Paragraph with class and attributes.</p>
+<p dir="ltr">Paragraph with class and attributes.</p>
 </div>
diff --git a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__weaver_block_custom_class.snap b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__weaver_block_custom_class.snap
index bbfa8bf..21ce835 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__weaver_block_custom_class.snap
+++ b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__weaver_block_custom_class.snap
@@ -3,5 +3,5 @@ source: crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/tests.rs
 expression: output
 ---
 <div class="highlight">
-<p>This paragraph has a custom class.</p>
+<p dir="ltr">This paragraph has a custom class.</p>
 </div>
diff --git a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__weaver_block_multiple_classes.snap b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__weaver_block_multiple_classes.snap
index 458374e..d7381e6 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__weaver_block_multiple_classes.snap
+++ b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__weaver_block_multiple_classes.snap
@@ -3,5 +3,5 @@ source: crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/tests.rs
 expression: output
 ---
 <aside class="highlight important">
-<p>Multiple classes applied.</p>
+<p dir="ltr">Multiple classes applied.</p>
 </aside>
diff --git a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__weaver_block_no_effect_on_following.snap b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__weaver_block_no_effect_on_following.snap
index f1a8845..d0501ef 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__weaver_block_no_effect_on_following.snap
+++ b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__weaver_block_no_effect_on_following.snap
@@ -3,6 +3,6 @@ source: crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/tests.rs
 expression: output
 ---
 <aside>
-<p>First paragraph in aside.</p>
+<p dir="ltr">First paragraph in aside.</p>
 </aside>
-<p>Second paragraph NOT in aside.</p>
+<p dir="ltr">Second paragraph NOT in aside.</p>
diff --git a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__weaver_block_with_footnote.snap b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__weaver_block_with_footnote.snap
index baf3937..baab0af 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__weaver_block_with_footnote.snap
+++ b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/snapshots/weaver_renderer__static_site__tests__weaver_block_with_footnote.snap
@@ -3,5 +3,5 @@ source: crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/tests.rs
 expression: output
 ---
 <aside>
-<p>Aside with a footnote<label for="sn-1" class="margin-toggle sidenote-number"></label><input type="checkbox" id="sn-1" class="margin-toggle"/><span class="sidenote">Footnote in aside context.</span>.</p>
+<p dir="ltr">Aside with a footnote<label for="sn-1" class="sidenote-number"></label><input type="checkbox" id="sn-1" class="margin-toggle"/><span class="sidenote">Footnote in aside context.</span>.</p>
 </aside>
diff --git a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/writer.rs b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/writer.rs
index bedd2d4..d64f240 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/writer.rs
+++ b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/static_site/writer.rs
@@ -48,6 +48,8 @@ pub struct StaticPageWriter<'input, I: Iterator<Item = Event<'input>>, A: AgentS
     in_sidenote: bool,
     /// Whether we're deferring paragraph close for sidenote handling
     defer_paragraph_close: bool,
+    /// Buffered paragraph opening tag (without closing `>`) for dir attribute emission
+    pending_paragraph_open: Option<String>,
 }
 
 impl<'input, I: Iterator<Item = Event<'input>>, A: AgentSession, W: StrWrite>
@@ -72,6 +74,7 @@ impl<'input, I: Iterator<Item = Event<'input>>, A: AgentSession, W: StrWrite>
             pending_footnote_content: String::new(),
             in_sidenote: false,
             defer_paragraph_close: false,
+            pending_paragraph_open: None,
         }
     }
 
@@ -130,6 +133,11 @@ impl<'input, I: Iterator<Item = Event<'input>>, A: AgentSession, W: StrWrite>
     /// Close deferred paragraph if we're in that state.
     /// Called when a non-paragraph block element starts.
     fn close_deferred_paragraph(&mut self) -> Result<(), W::Error> {
+        // Also flush any pending paragraph open (shouldn't happen in normal flow, but be defensive)
+        if let Some(opening) = self.pending_paragraph_open.take() {
+            self.write(&opening)?;
+            self.write(">")?;
+        }
         if self.defer_paragraph_close {
             // Flush pending footnote as traditional before closing
             self.flush_pending_footnote()?;
@@ -252,6 +260,11 @@ impl<'input, I: Iterator<Item = Event<'input>>, A: AgentSession, W: StrWrite>
                     self.close_wrapper()?;
                     self.defer_paragraph_close = false;
                 } else {
+                    // Flush any pending paragraph open (for empty paragraphs)
+                    if let Some(opening) = self.pending_paragraph_open.take() {
+                        self.write(&opening)?;
+                        self.write(">")?;
+                    }
                     self.write("</p>\n")?;
                     self.block_depth -= 1;
                     self.close_wrapper()?;
@@ -465,6 +478,18 @@ impl<
                     // Buffer text while waiting to see if footnote def follows
                     self.pending_footnote_content.push_str(&text);
                 } else if !self.in_non_writing_block {
+                    // Flush pending paragraph with dir attribute if needed
+                    if let Some(opening) = self.pending_paragraph_open.take() {
+                        if let Some(dir) = crate::utils::detect_text_direction(&text) {
+                            self.write(&opening)?;
+                            self.write(" dir=\"")?;
+                            self.write(dir)?;
+                            self.write("\">")?;
+                        } else {
+                            self.write(&opening)?;
+                            self.write(">")?;
+                        }
+                    }
                     escape_html_body_text(&mut self.writer, &text)?;
                     self.end_newline = text.ends_with('\n');
                 }
@@ -601,11 +626,14 @@ impl<
                     self.flush_pending_footnote()?;
                     self.emit_wrapper_start()?;
                     self.block_depth += 1;
-                    if self.end_newline {
-                        self.write("<p>")
+                    // Buffer paragraph opening for dir attribute detection
+                    let opening = if self.end_newline {
+                        String::from("<p")
                     } else {
-                        self.write("\n<p>")
-                    }
+                        String::from("\n<p")
+                    };
+                    self.pending_paragraph_open = Some(opening);
+                    Ok(())
                 }
             }
             Tag::Heading {
diff --git a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/utils.rs b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/utils.rs
index 72fcbbd..b562ec0 100644
--- a/crates/weaver-renderer/src/utils.rs
+++ b/crates/weaver-renderer/src/utils.rs
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use markdown_weaver::{CodeBlockKind, CowStr, Event, Tag};
+use markdown_weaver::CowStr;
 use miette::IntoDiagnostic;
 use n0_future::TryFutureExt;
 use std::{path::Path, sync::OnceLock};
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ use regex_lite::Regex;
 use markdown_weaver::BrokenLink;
 use std::path::PathBuf;
 use std::sync::Arc;
+use unicode_bidi::{get_base_direction, Direction};
 use unicode_normalization::UnicodeNormalization;
 
 #[cfg(not(all(target_family = "wasm", target_os = "unknown")))]
@@ -207,3 +208,51 @@ impl<'input> markdown_weaver::BrokenLinkCallback<'input> for VaultBrokenLinkCall
         }
     }
 }
+
+/// Detect text direction from first strong directional character.
+/// Returns Some("rtl") for Hebrew/Arabic/etc, Some("ltr") for Latin, None if no strong char found.
+pub fn detect_text_direction(text: &str) -> Option<&'static str> {
+    match get_base_direction(text) {
+        Direction::Ltr => Some("ltr"),
+        Direction::Rtl => Some("rtl"),
+        Direction::Mixed => None, // neutral/unknown - let browser decide
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_detect_text_direction_ltr() {
+        assert_eq!(detect_text_direction("Hello World"), Some("ltr"));
+        assert_eq!(detect_text_direction("Привет мир"), Some("ltr"));
+        assert_eq!(detect_text_direction("你好世界"), Some("ltr"));
+        assert_eq!(detect_text_direction("Γειά σου κόσμε"), Some("ltr"));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_detect_text_direction_rtl() {
+        // Hebrew
+        assert_eq!(detect_text_direction("שלום עולם"), Some("rtl"));
+        // Arabic
+        assert_eq!(detect_text_direction("مرحبا بالعالم"), Some("rtl"));
+        // Mixed with leading whitespace and punctuation
+        assert_eq!(detect_text_direction("   123... שלום"), Some("rtl"));
+        assert_eq!(detect_text_direction("   456!!! مرحبا"), Some("rtl"));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_detect_text_direction_neutral_only() {
+        assert_eq!(detect_text_direction("   "), None);
+        assert_eq!(detect_text_direction("123456"), None);
+        assert_eq!(detect_text_direction("!!!..."), None);
+        assert_eq!(detect_text_direction(""), None);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_detect_text_direction_leading_neutrals() {
+        assert_eq!(detect_text_direction("   123... Hello"), Some("ltr"));
+        assert_eq!(detect_text_direction("!!!456 שלום"), Some("rtl"));
+    }
+}
diff --git a/weaver_notes/test-sidenotes.md b/weaver_notes/test-sidenotes.md
index 6751387..9b4d19a 100644
--- a/weaver_notes/test-sidenotes.md
+++ b/weaver_notes/test-sidenotes.md
@@ -22,7 +22,6 @@ One thing these all have in common is length. Part of the reason I only really g
 
 {.aside}
 > **On Platform Decay**
->
 > Through all of this I was never really satisfied with the options that were out there for long-form writing. Wordpress required too much setup. Tumblr's system for comments remains insane. Hosting my own seemed like too much money to burn on something nobody might read.
 
 But at the same time, Substack's success proves that there is very much a desire for long-form writing, enough that people will pay for it, and that investors will back it. There are thoughts and forms of writing that you simply cannot fit into a post or even a thread of posts.
-- 
knotmirror 0.0.1